Kidney Coverings, Blood Supply, and Innervation for Exam Prep

hello students so in the continuation of first part of the kidney today we will discuss the remaining

points one is the covering of kidney which is a very important short note for your exam

then blood supply and now supply of kidney okay means surrounding and it is all around

the kidney third is renal fascias of zerota zero tas fascia

or the renal fascia of zerota and the fourth is paranafric fat okay so you have

the capsule fat then fascia and then again fat so in this diagram we are able to appreciate all the four

layers so yes this line is showing the capsule of

kidney which is even going inside and this is the sinus of kidney so this is the capsule of kidney

and this capsule is out innermost layer of kidney now you have the perinephric fat

and this fatty layer is also extend inside the sinus of your kidney now then you will have the third

layer and this third layer is known as fascia

it is here between the fat inner side and fat outside and this outermost fatty layer

is known as paranethric fat which is the fourth layer of your kidney

the important thing that fibrous capsule the surface of kidney covered by the capsule and the surface

s that means it is showing its embryological origin

from the multiple lobes clear [Music] in africa parry means around the kidney

but it is inside the renal fascia this perinephric fat lies outside the capsule

and it plays a part retaining the [Music] very fastly then there is a nephroptosis

that means the floating kidney it may develop after the severe weight loss clear

so nephroptosis if this fatty layer will disappear other it also extends superiorly around the

suprarenal gland now what is zero tolerance fascia zerutas fascia is

another name for the renal fascia now this is a condensation of the fascia called

as the renal fascia or gerotosphasia it surrounds the perineum renal fat or nephritic fat

and supra renal gland take it [Applause] in

so it lies outside the perinephrique some book says that anterior layer itself is known as gerota's fascia

facial renal gland okay so the two layer meet at the upper pole

you purposely measuring then they split free split over then enclose the suprarenal gland and

then they meet again now now the facial septum which separates

the two organs explained that why in nephrotomy the adrenal gland is not usually

displaced encloses fatty tissue at right iliac fossa

while the posterior laterally and medially now when you will trace it laterally the two layers fuse

together and become continue with the fascia transfer cell is foreign

all around the blood vessels all around the blood vessels it will merge with the abdominal aorta

and inferior vena cava what about the posterior layer the posterior layer become continue

the renal vessels pierces a because of the presence of

or you can say in the downward direction now what is paranafric fat the paranephric fat

dorsal to the renal fascia is a large quantity of parent african so paranormal posteriorly

or dorsally this paranafric fat is more on the positive side and it fills the para vertebral

space and it act as a cushion now what next is the blood supply and segments of

just below the l1 level we have the aorta at the level of l2 take a level

superior mesenteric artery so just level this entry on each side

right and left renal artery so the renal arteries arises from the abdominal aorta at right angle and the lies behind the

pancreas and renal veins based on its blood supply each kidney possesses

five segments now this is the question five segments on the basis of arterial supply of

kidney anterior and posterior division these branches are known as anterior and

posterior division the posterior division supply the posterior foreign

this posterior segment is supplied [Music] upper

then we will not divide the kidney on the basis of their segmental blood supply abnormal or

vibrant renal arteries such as vessels running from the aorta to foreign

left so a

arterioles now what is about the venous drainage the veins from the renal segment

communicate with one another unlike arteries though they are

so this is the important difference between the venous genes and arterial supply of kidney and these

veins eventually form five or six segmental veins they unite at the hilum and come out as

a single renal vein and on the island we have seen that vein is the most superficial

structure right renal vein has no tributary now this is again

the question of your exam key right or left renal vein

adrenaline now lymphatic drainage the renal or the kidney

lymphatic drain into the paraortic group of lymph node which is near the renal artery now what is the normal

supply they can now supply of kidney body important because clinical scenarios

you have to find out the referred pain the sight of referred pain take care so the sympathetic

pre-ganglionic fiber sympathetic pre-ganglionic fiber there lies in the spinal cord which segment

t10 to l1 segments and these preganglionic fibers

are reaching with the help of thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nose ticket

so in case of the kidney the segments are t10 to l1 and these three ganglionic fibers are

approaching with the help of splenic now obviously renal and celiac

this is the question so the reference fibers of the pain accompanying the sympathetic nerves

this is again the question what is the basis of referred pain

l1 so the pathway of the pain of renal colic because of the stone in the calysis or

due to the renal pelvics passes to the celiac the reason is this t10 to l1 segment

the pain may thus be referred to the back lumbar region radiate to the anterior

wall and down up to the external genitalia so this is the question which you have to

look for in your clinical scenario based question based on the

renal diseases it is possible that some afferent runs with the vehicle fibers and that is cause of nausea and vomiting

is presenting to you with the complaint of pain in the loin area associated with vomiting and nausea why there is a

nausea vomiting occurs so because of the lots of fish are

present and as the kidneys are retroperitoneal organ we can never

approach from anterior aspect kidneys that is known as nephrectomy or if we want to remove the stone

by the surgery that is and if there is a disease on the left side the left kidney may

add up to the colon spleen pancreas now there is one more important question related to the transplantation of the

kidney transplant the new kidney in the recipient

[Applause] so this is all about the kidney in this class we have covered the

coverings of the kidney mainly you should know about the disposition of the renal fascia

i told you about the blood supply and we have discussed the basics of transplantation so this is all about the

kidney thank you