Comprehensive Review of the January 21, 2025 Earth Science Regents Exam

[Music] [Applause] [Music]

[Applause] what's up everyone it is time for the January 21st 2025 earth science regions

and like the other ones I'm going to go through the entire test right now if you already took this test then um you can

kind of see how you did and I'm going to go as fast as I humanly can and I have not done this before so you're going to

hear me pretty much figure out how to do these on the Fly and I'm assuming you have full background knowledge of the

curriculum at this point if you don't go watch my other playlist of the breakdown of all the topics of the curriculum and

then come back to this so we can go through it together all right here we go so we're starting on question one

multiple choice it says series a dwarf planet is located approximately 413 million kilometers from the Sun and

is located between the orbits of w so this is number we need so we're going to go to 413 million kilm from the Sun on

page 15 we going to go to our reference table go down here now we're going to go mean

distance from the sun right here we're going to look for 413 million which would be right in

between Mars and Jupiter so that's how you would get that looks like

three all right number two observations made by astronomers indicate that the light from most galaxies shows is a what

so we have to know that most galaxies in the universe are going away they're moving away from us so that gets rid of

that and that gets rid of this anything that's moving away is a red shift this is literally uh a memorize so you're

just going to have to remember that number three compared to the Jovian Planets so compared to them the

terrestrial planets are what so the Jovian Planets this is like Jupiter and the terrestrial planets this is like

Mercury so just based off that you should know Jupiter is the biggest planet now if you

don't know that you can use this table again and get all your data so I would know that these four are the Jovian I

mean these four are the terrestrial and these four are the Jovian right so then you can use the data but um you should

probably have this remembered honestly the big planets are really really big and they're low density so it's saying

the terrestrial planets are so these are going to be your small made of rock high density planets so it's going to be four

number four listen I don't even have to read this because I see the word focal pendulum and I know it's be it's Earth's

rotation right so I'm going to read it anyway the apparent shift in the direction of the focal pendulum is a

result of what yeah spinning of the Earth on its axis is going to be the answer that you have to remember folkal

is for rotating number five which motion causes some constellations again I see the word constellations and I

automatically know it's because the Earth revolves around the Sun and and that's just because I have memorized

that the constellations change throughout the year because the Earth revolves around the Sun and also says

winter and summer so that's your Seasons which means we're going around the Sun again so there's another clue there to

know that if you forgot number six which set of New York State locations would have the greatest difference in the

altitude of Polaris okay so this one once they show a bunch of cities for the New York State locations I'm going to go

to page three on the reference table and I'm going to start looking at these but instead of going here and being

overwhelmed what I'm going to do is I'm going to go here and I'm just going to compare each choice because otherwise we

don't really know what we're looking for so we're going to look here we're going to go back to our thing we're going to

check these so the greatest difference in altitude or Polaris so we want the greatest difference in Latitude because

Polaris anything to do with Polaris is going to be change in latitude and it only works in the northern hemisphere

remember okay so we're going to go Niagara Falls and Albany we're going to find them and this is going to maybe

take you a little bit to find these so Niagara Falls and whoops Niagara Falls and

Albany Niagara Falls Albany so this is Choice a they're pretty much on the same latitude so that

is not going to be the answer probably Rochester and itha so we got Rochester here and itha

here uh so this is going to be B and B so there's a little bit of Separation there so that could be an answer we're

going to check them all C is going to be Riverhead and mesina so Riverhead is down here and

mesina is if we could find mesina am I not scrolled yep that's why look at that

separation wow so that's probably going to be the answer because there m is way more north than

Riverhead but we'll check platsburg and James just in case platsburg is here so this is Choice D and Jamestown is going

to be here so that's pretty good separation but Riverhead and Ms win by a lot so that's going to be

three okay which process of the water cycle allows water vapor to enter the atmosphere so we want water vapor to

enter the atmosphere so we want it to enter the atmosphere we want it to go up so it's going to be transpiration and

evaporation bring things up number eight a relative humidity and D point question okay so we're going to go

to the reference table because we know when we see these percentage types of questions here we're going to want to go

to this page right here we got to rotate this so we can see it

correctly okay so let's check it out what is the D point when the dry bulb is 19 okay the dry bulb is 19 and the

relative humidity is 73 so first we're going to use the relative humidity 73 with our dry bulb of 19 so go to

1973 on relative humidity 19 oh they did an odd number so we're going to go in between

here and we got to find 73 which is going to be here which means the difference is three so now we can go 19

and three on the dupoint chart 19 right here 0 1 2 3 so it's going to be 14° C and then we hope it's

the choice and it is so we get it I my advice for these types of questions would be make sure you solve it before

you look at the answers because then you know for sure that it's the answer don't look at them first uh number nine the

diagram below shows a weather station model so what is the air pressure in mbars indicated by the station mile so

for this this is air pressure now if you didn't know that that was the air pressure you can go on the reference

table and go to your station model cheat sheet which is right here and know that the top right hand corner is barometric

pressure which is the air pressure and it's 150 so the code for this is a 0 to 4 you put a 10 in front and if it's a 5

through n you put a nine in front and you're looking at that first digit so it's a one so I'm going to put a 10 in

front and then rewrite my number and then put a decimal between the last two so there's my

answer all right number 10 okay I see Star Trails automatically that is Polaris that is

just something you have to remember so all the other stars look like they're rotating around Polaris because Polaris

is directly above the Earth's uh North Pole so it looks like uh it stays in the same spot easy question okay I know this

is a time zone question because I see they have the time zone shaded in a nice way so it's 10:00 a.m. in New York city

so I like to label it so that's over here so that means this whole section here the Eastern is 10: a.m. they want

to know what is it in Seattle Washington we got to get to this section here here's the section so we're starting

here we got to go there's another one there's another one and then finally here so the way I like to remember it is

East increase and then West is less so we're going to start at 10: a.m.

and each is 1 hour difference 1 hour per 15° longitude so ready next one we're going to the West so this is 9:00 a.m.

this whole section and we go again 8:00 a.m. so that means in Seattle it is currently 700 a.m. that's it's very easy

time zone question number 12 Which diagram correctly matches the location of the

sun with the shadow of the stick okay so like look at this one if the sun's here it's going to hit the the light's going

to hit the stick and the Shadow's going to go this way so this is wrong if the sun's here the light's going to hit the

stick and the Shadow's going to go that way so that's wrong if the Sun is there it's going to hit the Shadow and go this

this is right and then here if the sun's here and it hits the stick here the Shadow's is going to go that way so that

one's wrong it's always opposite the direction of the Sun so it's two all right uh we have a low press

system and there's some fronts here we got a cold front and a warm front and it looks like there's an occluded front

over here which sequenc is the correct order of the occluded front so the way I like to do this is first the cold front

and the warm front are sort of like this so this is going to be step one classic low pressure cyclone and then it's going

to start to like meet up at the top and then zipper down so it's going to go one here then

two then three and then four so this looks like b a d c so then that's going to be that

one that's like a very specific weather question number 14 which map shows the most likely

direction of the jet stream okay the first off anything in the United States is going to go from the West to the east

in terms of weather so anywhere the arrow any of the where the arrows are going to the the West this is wrong and

that's wrong automatically okay then they changed where the warm and the cold is the warm is going to be more down

south and the Cold's going to be up North so this is going to be your right answer all right 15 which statement best

explains why predictions for extreme weather events are more accurate today than in the past um let's see it's

probably because we have better technology scientists control weather by us no there are fewer extreme weather

events no weather conditions change more slowly no yeah Advanced Computer models use weather data to make predictions

that question is very easy number 16 we want to maximize the amount of insulation absorbed so we want dark and

rough and that's just memorize um if it wanted to minimize you would have picked light and smooth you

can't pick light and rough or dark and smooth they never they're like opposites all right 17 uneven heating of

the Earth's surface and the atmosphere along with Coriolis effect produces ocean currents with a general what so

they're asking you for Direction so in the northern hemisphere we curve

right so that that's the part you have to remember so let's see if we can find that clockwise flow in northern and

southern no so a curve to the right is going to be like that right so that's

clockwise um clockwise flow in the north and counterclockwise in the South this is going to be the right

answer number 18 which activity contributes to the highest levels of greenhouse gases so greenhouse gases are

going to be um from pollution so we want something to this is a good thing replanting Forest is a

good thing watering Farm crops is a good thing so burning that's pollution 19 what is the main reason

that locations near the ocean have smaller temperature ranges so this is really big thing anytime you see

something to do with the oceans and temperature ranges this is a question about specific

heat and it's it's literally the only answer water has a higher specific heat than land that means that areas near the

water don't get too hot but they also don't get too cold number 20 wow geologic time okay

what do they base dividing geologic time in based on celestial

events um that's like a un like stars and stuff so that's not right tectonic events sometimes the absolute age of the

Rocks no yeah so it's going to be based on the fossils so that's what they mostly get their uh data from so if you

go to the geologic time scale and you go to the bottom you can see all the fossils same

all so that one is four during which geologic time period were thick layers of evaporites

deposited so this is just a very specific thing thick layers of evaporate so we're going to look for

that um here oh that's going to be an important geologic events so let's see thick layers of

evaporates thick layers of evaporates do we see this um evaporite basins

what am I missing during which time period were thick layers of evaporates deposited in

New York state is it in here I'm guessing like it's kind of

weird is it is it this salt Egyption deposited in a

Vaporite basins what would what row would this be this is one 2 3 four up from the gray wait including the

gray I have it on two separate pages so it's kind of annoying one two three four so is it

Solan guess it is I mean it's there yeah that that question is weird because it's like not

directly there wow think I hate that

question all right on that note one sec I got to put my reference T back okay all right we got a p wve and swave

so Earth's outer core is inferred to be a liquid because so s-waves can only travel through solids and they get

absorbed in the outer core so s-waves cannot travel through it is the right answer so that is memorizable I remember

it by S waves are solid they can't like they can only travel through solids and they're slow s for solid s for

slow 23 okay we got a p-wave swave question so right off the bat I'm going to go

here and remember I'm going to not look at my answers I hope I could solve this

without a piece of paper a seism graph detects an earthquake that is 5,600 km away okay so automatically I'm going to

go to my reference table find that 5,200 4 so I know I'm on this line right there okay the p-wave arrived at 10:36

a.m. what time did the earthquake occur okay so we need to find the p-wave time so we're going to go up here go right

there oh it's on a black line look nine minutes it took the p-wave nine minutes so that's great so 9 minutes and the

order that you want to know for this is the earthquake happens then the p-wave happens then the swave happens so if

this happened at 10:36 the earthquake happened before the p wve so 9 minutes before so if you do that it's

10:27 and that is there yay if they ask like the s-wave or something like that that happens after

the P wve so you would add to the time number 24 the Mariana Trench has formed because the Pacific Plate is doing what

so we're going to go to our plates going to rotate this because we can't see

it okay Mariana Trench let's see if we can find the Marana trench it is right here so that's

cool so what does it show us these squares show us that one with the square

is the overriding plate and the side that's not have the square is the subducting plate so the Philippine plate

is overriding the Pacific Plate we need to find that the Philippine plate is

overriding the Pacific Plate or we could say the Pacific Plate subducting underneath the Philippine the

Philippine oh yeah because it's the Pacific Plate is so it's going to be three subducting

underneath the Philippine plate kind of tricky but not that hard if you know what the boxes mean and you

get that down here so you don't have to remember it 25 Rock primarily composed of which mineral would be most resistant

to weathering so for most resistant Rock we want the highest hardness on the scale because that's

going to be the hardest to break down we're going to go here oh did it say rock oh no minerals

easy go to our mineral chart and we're going to flip this again because it's

annoying okay now now we're just going to look in the hardness right here see and we're going to find the highest one

so we're really looking for like these Garnet quartz Olivine one of those let's see olvan there you go easy

peasy 26 which agent of erosion produces parallel scratches okay this is just a memorize parallel scratches are from

glaciers there's no other explanation for that running water is rounding uh wind is pitted like little

holes and ocean waves kind of just generally a road um there's nothing like specific with them but more

rounding uh glaciers or scratches and stuff 27 compared to the climate at a by the

way I've been doing this a long time so I I do skip the top until I get stuck and then I'll jump to the top and see if

I miss something but for you guys you should always be reading this top section up here the map below represents

prevailing wind direction over the Sierra NADA mountains We Got A and B locations great compared to the climate

at a climate at B generally is what so let's see a we got our Windward and leeward side

so there's our mountain range so this is the windward side this is the leeward side so this is the dry side and this is

the Wet Side this is the side with the wind this is the side with like the desert so a is going to be oh we want

they're asking for B climate at B is warmer less precipitation it's like the desert

so four which graph correctly oh halflife so we're going to go there real

quick go to our halflife table which is right up here and what is it asking for K40 potassium 40 so we're going to look

here 1.3 * 10 9th so if it's 1.3 * 10 to the 9th and we went for

2.6 this is one half life that's two half lives so if two half lives went by this is 50% remaining this one would be

25% remaining so we got 25% of this and 75% of this right because it always equals 100 so we're

looking for 25 gray so it's three nice and easy little half life question oh 29 okay we got a little

sequencing thing happening here let's see if we can figure it out which rock unit shown in the three outcrops is the

oldest so the oldest is always on the bottom so first of all we want the bottommost ones so let's say siltstone

layer at the top of location a so that's wrong because it's it's most likely wrong so if this is

siltstone we don't actually know that this is sstone well you wouldn't know so the way you would find that out is you

have to go to this page here with all the rocks and see the the lines with the dots that's siltstone so this is

siltstone I'm just going to say silt so this is silt Stone this is silt Stone this is silt Stone so

automatically the sstone at the bottom is going to be older than that one so I know that's out okay so then we're

saying the shell layer the shell layer is the lines so this is shell this is shell I'm only really labeling the ones

that they're asking me about so Shell Shell Shell oh there's another

Shale so the Shale layer at the bottom of B that looks like it's a contender so we're going to see if that's different

in some way conglomerate layer on the top of B so conglomerate layer let's just double

check what that is see conglomerate is the weird rocks there so if this is conglomerate there

that's conglomerate this is conglomerate that's out because Shell's under it so this is automatically not going to be

the oldest Limestone layer at the bottom of C okay this could be weird let's check this one out Limestone

there Limestone here Limestone here okay now here's where this gets

weird we have an unconformity here with the dots which is sandstone so this layer here is this which means

this Limestone here is this Limestone which means technically this shell would be

here therefore this guy is the oldest so our answer is going to be two but I could see why you would put four but

really if you were on the regions and you kind of know that the oldest is on the bottom you would have ran into a

problem because both of these are on the bottom right so you would have had to figure out

what I just said that this Limestone was here which means this shell is actually under the Limestone so I would say so

far I'm going to put a big uh circle around this question this question I would be say is the hardest one so

far all right number 30 the oldest Bedrock is found where so older bed so the newer rock is always at the ridge so

this is the Ridge and then the oldest is the further out so a is the furthest from the ridge so that's going to be the

oldest asgo and Old Forge located in similar latitudes in New York state have very different Landscapes which two

factors are responsible for Landscapes so it's always going to be the Bedrock structure and Bedrock

composition um different landscape so it's not going to be the

age and the dirt the soil characteristics is not going to change the landscape Landscapes are like we're

talking like mountain valleys Plains which are the flat areas or plateaus things like that that's

going to be the really the the structure of the rock is going to be like the big thing the the structure how it's built

right so it could be like this this so it structure winds and the composition what The Rock's made of that's going to

be a major thing because if it's made of harder minerals it'll break down differently than weaker minerals so

three is going to be your best answer for 31 all right 32 all right we got a

contour map we got a river so listen without even looking at the question I know this river is going to go this way

because the contour lines Bend up the stre so I know Henry Creek is Flowing Northeast I didn't even see the question

yet and then this intervals 10 ft so this is a 300 we're going downhill this way so this is

290 280 270 and then that means this Line's 310 320 330 there's really not much more

they can ask than what I just did so let's see which location would the water be flowing at the greatest rate all

right I didn't expect that but that's going to be where it's steepest so that's going to be here the water will

go faster because it's the steeper Hill the lines are closer together so it's going to be Choice

c a metamorphic rock with banding is described as wow that's really the only question they asked about

32 okay a metamorphic rock with banding is described as having what okay so you go to metamorphic rock check this out

banding okay now what is it asking oh look it's foliated is that what it ask yeah done you could check the other

three if you're not too sure but I am sure the hardness of a mineral is the result of what if you see the internal

arrangement of atoms as an answer it's going to be right I'm going to say that with 99.9% confidence but the way that

the structure of the mineral uh builds itself gives it pretty much all of its physical characteristics

so the shape the um the hardness the breakage pattern anything like that the two sedimentary rock form from organic

sediments so these were once alive so we're going to go on sedimentary

rock organic which is going to be your bioclastic so Limestone and binous call are the

two so we got one all right we got the bouvet island hotspot okay so let's see what it

says it's a remote Island located above a hot spot southwest Indian Ridge so I already am going to look

here let's find it Bou hotspot where is it right there all right just in case we need it

the distance between bouvet Island and Antarctica is approximately equal to the distance from Earth's surface to what

wow this is annoying so it says it's 1,700 kilm away they want you to take that we're going to go here to this

one and 1,00 I'll rotate this because I'm looking at it so sideways but I don't want to confuse you

guys so check this out 1700 kilm in depth this is a very annoying question that's like about here so if you follow

that all the way up we're in the stiffer mantle so that's probably the answer yeah the middle of the stiffer mantle

it's about that distance so you had to use page 10 with that

information which section best represents the convection currents formed beneath the bouet hot spot okay

so here's the thing about these we only care about the tops of the arrows right so bouvet Hots spot if if it's diverging

if one Plate's going this way and this way that's diverging if this arrow is going this way and this is going this

way that's converging if this is going to the left and this is going to the left that's probably not the answer and

if this is going right and this going right that's probably not the answer so I'm going to guess it's one of these and

we're going to look and we're going to see which one that probably

is by going back here I'm going to look to the right so you could see the boxes there the boxes

are Divergent so it's going to be number two the arrows are going away which current would most likely influent the

climate of bouvet Island so we're going to find an ocean current which is Page four we need to

find it in that spot so go here and we're going to go to that exact spot here so it's either going to be

Antarctic circumpolar current or the bengu current I hope both of them aren't there good if they were both there I

would have just had to go back and be more accurate but they only put one okay all right automatically steep

slope that's a cold front I mean that's like all there is to it giant Cloud steep slope CP air that's

cold air one relative humidity within a cloud it has to be 100% to make a cloud so that's four these are easy question

so far which St best describes why clouds are forming um because warm air is pushed up over the cold front that's

the answer the CP air mesh pushes the Mt up causing it to compress and warm no if you look at your acronym for cloud

forming it rises expands cools to the D point and condenses that's how I teach it Rec DC don't write Rec DC on the test

it's just to remember rise expands cools to the D point and condenses so if you're making a cloud it has to expand

and cool not compress and warm so four all right between 251 and 1.8 million years ago India generally moved

which direction okay we have to go to our geologic time scale we're going to look at this

see so what do we need 251 and 1.8 so like from here to now India

why would they put this as a question that is brutal

there that's terrible north and east Is that real am I doing that in a weird way I

mean I would pick one that is terrible am I missing something that

tells you more information yikes I say this question stinks all right 43 Pangia is

represented on map what am I missing something oh there's a map on the next page that

is weird Okay uh maybe this doesn't stink let's go back here I figured that out a different way I didn't even see

this map okay okay between 251 and 1.8 million years okay let's look 251 and 1.8 oh they're all labeled and stuff

this is so easy look India India India India India it moved Northeast great so figured it out like

that oops I was grilling this question before I Pangia is represented on map what Pangia is when all the continents

were together so that's going to probably be oh but is it 251 or 200 so now we

have to go here um where is the formation of P look forming Pangia here so this is going to

be at like 250 million years ago so it's going to be a did they put b as a possible answer because that would be

terrible be mean no they didn't that makes it easy because CD and E are already

separating so I made it way easier which group of organisms became extinct during the time represented on map a so extinct

at 251 so you're going to look here which bar here ended so it looks like right here is the end of the grap

delites rest in peace grap delites four all right base your answers to 45

through 47 on the photograph below we're showing pel sill in Glacier National Park Montana composed of the

ous rock diorite that could be important cutting through Precambrian Limestone okay zones of contact

metamorphism are indicated okay the rock that formed contact metamorphism of limestone so we want the metamorphic

version of limestone so we're going to go here we're going to go to metamorphic

and we're going to see which one comes from Limestone and we can look here look metamorphosis of limestone that's can be

marble so marble easy which minerals are found together in a sample of diorite okay so we're going to go to diorite on

ignas go here draw a line straight down and whatever is in this column in diorites box is possible mineral inside

of it so we got plagio clay Feld bar biotite ampal maybe a little Pine there and maybe a little bit of quartz but

mostly plagio Fel Spar so that has to be an answer any of them not so it's not potassium

fpor go back biotite and amphol this is the answer three um because it is most likely found

together so the spots with the tiny little bit is more unlikely to be found the texture of the diorite found in the

sill is described as what easy look diorite texture go across coar nonvascular

boom I have to say this is an easy test so far we'll keep moving and we'll see if it changes in the short answer we

have a Meandering stream okay so it wants to know which location is represented by this

crosssection so there's no erosion or deposition on either side which means this is not on a meander this is not on

a curve so it's got to be a straight area so it's probably going to be a that

looks straight D is a meander C is a meander and B is kind of closer to meander so it's going to be

a the velocity at a certain point in the Stream was measured to be 100 cm/ second what size particles will be transported

okay go here 100 cm/ seconds there go up to the line so it's going to be Pebbles sand silt and Clay anything equal to or

less than could be transported but Pebbles is the biggest yeah look Pebbles sand silt and

Clay four what is the name of the feature located at the end of the stream where

it enters the ocean wow this right here is a Delta and that just needs to be memorized a tributary is a small River

connected to the main river a flood plane is the sides of the river that floods and a watershed is a giant area

where all the water flows into the same location all right that's the end of the multiple choice so next up we are going

to do the short answer see how it goes so far this has been an easy test minus a couple of questions

all right question 51 is on the evolution of stars and they have this paragraph here that says a star forms

from a huge dust cloud and gas cloud called a nebula gravitational forces called the cause the cloud to

contract um before I continue reading this a good strategy for this since we know there's three questions 51 through

53 it might be a good idea to read the three questions first and then go back and read to see if we could pick out any

information um identify the nuclear processes that produces energy and s okay so we already know the answer to

that um we're going to here's our answer booklet so we're going to go nuclear fusion that's the only nuclear process

that's learned in this curriculum just make sure you don't write fion by accident one star that was forly a

Sunside star but is now in late stage of existence okay so this is going to be on the reference table so you're going to

go here page 15 so late stage as you could see is right here so here's your answers you could either write PR b or

40 aridon B I'll write um prion because it's easier so so far we didn't need the

reading but maybe we will for the third one Bernard Star and Beetlejuice are stars having similar color and surface

temperature explain why Beetlejuice will most likely undergo a supernova but Bernard Star will not so the answer to

this is that it's bigger but if you didn't know that you're going to want to compare Bernard Star with Beetle Juice

on the reference table so I guess we didn't need that reading but uh Bernard Star and

Beetlejuice so you can see Beetlejuice is way more massive so that's what you're going for

here it is more massive the meme is still alive 54 identify the geologic period when

glacial Lake Albany was first formed identify so we're looking for a geologic period so that's going to be on the time

scale identify the entire range of sand sizes okay so that's going to be on the reference table identify the agent of

erosion that forms sand dunes so that's going to be wind so these seem like I don't even have to read this at all

again but we'll see glacial Lake Albany was first form so it says this I had to get 15,000 years ago so I need the

geologic time period That's 15,000 years ago so we're going to go to the reference table

go to here 15,000 is really recently and they want period time period so it's going to be

the quatron period right there and then we'll write it in qu a t r n a quinary and now we want

all the sizes of sand anything weird about that okay so two spots we can get this I'll show you

the easy spot and the hard spot so easy spot would be here so there's our range right there 06 to 02 or you

can get it from here and you can go 06 to 0.2

so it doesn't matter which one you put like which spot you put that in still the same range oh and then we

got to write wind for 56 so so far um these are super easy let's keep

going 57 determine the height of the tide at 5:00 p.m. on Saturday okay this is just reading a graph look Saturday

5:00 p.m. is between 4: and 6 so right here so it's right there so it's two two meters oh I'm sorry I should have showed

you look it goes up to the graph and then to the left so there's where I'm getting the

two sometimes I just go fast assuming people know how to read the graph 2.0 you could just write two it doesn't

matter predict the time of the next high tide on Monday okay so first we got to see how

far apart these high tides are because this is Sunday so we need to get the next one right so we got to figure this

one's at about 8:00 a.m. and this High Tide's about 900 a.m. right oh no 900

p.m. so it looks like on this graph it's about 13 hours in real life it's 12 hours and 26

minutes so that's if you memorize that it's about 6 hours and 13 minutes between a high tide and a low tide so

that that's reading the graph correctly and with background knowledge it reinforces me being right about that Gap

but if you didn't know that you could just the the Peaks are the high tides and the troughs are the low tides so now

we just want 13 hours after 900 p.m. so 12 hours going to be 9:00 a.m. so then another hour is about 10: a.m. so I

would say they're going to take between 9 and 10 a.m. as possible answers for that

one but remember you're just going to commit to one because it says predict the time not a range of time forces that

cause the tides that's just a memorize it's gravitational force of the moon but the force is just gravity we are

cruising through these 59 60 here we go all right we got uh insulation which is sunlight being absorbed and heer surface

and then the some is getting radiated out and then bounced off the clouds reflecting and some clouds trapping the

heat so it's like the greenhouse effect sort of thing describe how the thickness of a cloud covered at a location affects

the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface so if there's a thicker Cloud less radiation is going to

hit the Earth's surface so we'll be like thicker Cloud equals less radiation because it's going to block the sun

that's why it's a little chillier on a cloudy day state the name of the temperature

zone where most clouds form so that's going to be if you don't have it memorized if you go

here the water vapor content makes all the weather and the clouds and that's mostly um in the troposphere which is

the bottommost layer so that's going to be troposphere so far easy peasy keep going 62 all

right I'm seeing a tilt towards the sun I didn't even look at the question so I know this is the summer solstice

automatically June 21st let's see what it says on the diagram shade the portion that represents the night time okay the

sun's on the right so night time is going to be half the Earth on the left so you're going to want to go like this

ideally you want the the full Arctic Circle should be on the sun side and the full Antarctic Circle should be on the

night side so really like we want that shaded to show that the Antarctic Circle is getting 24 hours of darkness and the

Arctic Circle is getting 24 hours of daylight so that's going to be that identify the season that's

beginning we already said it it's summer because it's tilted towards the sun 64 State the number of daylight

hours that an observer at the equator would experience on this day equator always gets 12 hours throughout the

whole year so you don't even have to think about that every day of the year is 12 compared to the summer and winter

temperatures describe how New York State summer and winter would change if the rotational ax was tilted more so if

you're going to tilt more towards the sun we're going to have hotter Summers and colder Winters it's more

extreme so Summers will be hotter Winters will be colder if it was tilted less you'd have the opposite so up and

down would be like um cooler Summers warmer Winters

66 okay we have some reading it's about limestone and rocks and temperatures and minerals and great

let's just see what the questions are oh we got a map latitude and longitude a distance

here okay identify the process that recrystallizes rock and Limestone into Wallace tonight using heat and pressure

so heat and pressure automatically is metamorphic rock so that's going to be metamorphism or yeah probably just

metamorphism that's what I would write so you can go to your rock cycle and right here and you find heat

and pressure right there look and or metamorphism so that's going to be your process

okay 67 what do we got identify one mineral other than Wallis stonite that's used in

Ceramics okay so this is so easy we're just going to go to our mineral chart and look for

Ceramics mineral chart okay Ceramics uses Ceramics Ceramics Ceramics up right there tal

anyone else ceramic yep potassium F Bar Ceramics plagio clay felar so three answers for that one and guess

what I'm going to write tal because it's the shortest one

68 New York State landscape region in which platsburg is located what this is easy go find platsburg so

we're going to rotate this page three sorry okay platsburg right here so top right hand

corner and then we're going to find that exact top right spot on page two so Champlain lowlands it's up

there all right oh boy next question is a graph boo I don't feel like plotting a graph

all right let's see construct a line graph by plotting the infiltration rates for the five bad diameters listed in in

the table connect the Five Points with a line all right what it ones infiltration rate and B diameter okay that's this and

this okay so 0.418 but if you want to skip me plotting the graph just fast forward

this 0.4 this is 0.1 Point 2 3 point4 up to 18 this is by 1 15 167 18 right there okay 1.0 is 25 so that's right

here and then we got 2.1 is 31 so 2.1 is 31 right there and then we got 3.5 is

34 3.5 is 34 at least the grid is like easy to figure out and five is

36 and then we're going to connect so don't connect to zero or anything like that just connect the dots that you have

my line is going to be so trash cuz something on a computer now on the regions make sure

your dots are pretty big make sure your line doesn't blend in with your dots that's really bad we want the dots to be

seen I think my this one's messed up now that I just made that bigger what's the second Point

25 yeah I mean that should be like here okay I mean pretty easy graph so should

just be that okay 70 State the relationship between increasing bead side and the amount of water retained so

retentions here so you see increasing bead size less water retained so the relationship is going to be inverse you

could write indirect you can write as bead size increases retention decreases however you want to write it I'm write

inverse oh boy a profile okay so I'm not going to do the profile on here so I mean I'll estimate it for you on

the grid below we want a to B because it's just annoying for me to have to do that on a computer so let's

just see A to B so a is going to be where's this contour interval is what what do these go up by does it tell

us no so 204 oh they go up by 20s so this going to be 0 20 4

60 60 40 20 Z so it's just going to be a mountain so this is going to be something is this a

lake it's a lake this is depth so it's going to go down so oh yeah they labeled it down so that's fine so it should be

like this I'm going to really estimate this for you guys so you would get a piece of line paper and Mark it like

correctly but your answer would be something like this with a little trough down there

with there and there so again that is not accurate if you're are wondering how to do profiles just go watch my profile

video for time sake here that's how I'm going to do it all right 72 State one possible water depth at C

so look if this is 80 this is inside the 80 and not 100 so your range of possible numbers for C is going to be between 80

199 so we could just put 85 okay 73 what do we got here astronomy yay on the diagram in your answer book

place oh I hope we don't have to graph this place an x on the moon's orbit to show the approximate position of the

moon on day five day five the lighted portion of visible is 49 so it's like a half

moon this is a weird question what do we got here lighted portion of the moon visible

is there two spots this could be could it be a first quarter or a third quarter because it's

half why are we assuming oh yeah this is has to be third quarter

because we're dropping in light that is Tricky Tricky Tricky Tricky tricky this is hard 73 was a tricky question so

third quarter moon if new moon is here and we're going this way 3/4 of the way around your X should be

here yeah that one was hard State the number of days that takes the Moon to complete one cycle of phases from a full

moon to Full Moon that you have to remember it's a memorized 29.5 days to go through a full cycle of phases that's

not on the reference table explain how the data provided evidence that the moon has an elliptical orbit it's because at

some points it's closer to the Earth and some point it's further away right here so if it was a perfect circle this

would be an equal distance constantly so we could just say some points

are closer and further away you could say the points aren't all

equal they're not all equal distance way something like that is good all right so far the only hard

question was that Moon plot x73 all right 76 service air

temperature on the map draw the 70 degree isotherm okay so we're find all of our 70s there's 70 here start linking

some of these between 69 and 78 get this one between 64 and 74 get here here well this is kind of weird

here here here yeah and then here go through here grab this guy this is a kind of a

harder map honestly 70 and then here so that's how I would do it this part here particularly is tricky

right there if to miss that 72 right there would be completely wrong and I I like to go to the edge of the

Box you know you're not going to get that wrong you can end it technically at the end of the United States and that

would be fine too the lowest temperatures on the surface area map are inside the 40 this

region is part of the Rocky Mountains what climate factor is why it's cold it's because the rock it's mountains

it's tall when it's so it's elevation that's the climate factor that makes it cold they're tall you could even say

they're high up that's fine all right 78 what evidence on October 25th extreme

storms and wind map indicate that location Z has a d Point that's close to the air temperature okay anything where

the dupoint is close to the air temperature relative humidity is 100% you could also say there's

precipitation anything like that is going to say the air temperature is close to the D point but let's check the

map October 25th and we're looking at Place Z what's the the Shaded area

mean the Shaded portions on the two extreme storms show the areas where extreme storms and winds including

tornadoes were forecasted so Z is in the area where there's extreme

wind Z is in the Shaded area is that literally all you have to write yeah I mean z is in the extreme

wind Zone something like that 79 other than stocking up on food and water two emergency action that should

be taken in order to prevent loss of life and property where these tornadoes would be so we want to get in a basement

and a first aid kit would probably be good that would prevent loss of life so uh get in a basement

there's probably a lot of answers for this but first aid would be like your best bet for loss of

life um something to do with medicine a generator um emergency warning system like a have a radio or something like

that anything that that's pretty probably good all right five more questions one

piece of evidence shown in the diagram that leads to the inference that the cross movement occurred in this region

there's a fault so these these layers are not lined up anymore so that's going to mean that the

area shifted so you could say there's a fault um or the layers are not lined up I'm going to say there was a

fault all right 81 place the letters of the following Rock units in The Fault in order from oldest to youngest CDE fault

X okay let's see C c d e x so we want c d e

x all right let's look at this thing so D came after e so it has to go like this because e is under it and then they all

came after the fault because this is going over the fault line here so that has to be X has to be there and then

they C is also under it so the question is is C before X or is X before c oh so C has to be the

first thing because it's not faulted at least that we could oh wait it is yeah look it is cuz C is also here so C had

to be there first then the fault happened and then e and then D this is the right

answer that one's kind of kind of hard I would say this question was hard just because of this area here is

like kind of hard to tell that because the fault is like very B I don't know it was just kind of hard all right uh Rock

unit G formed during the late Cambrian Period and rock unit J formed during the early and or early ovian period identify

the name of one index fossil that could be found in rock Unit H okay let's let's think about this

Cambrian and ovian so Cambrian orian so we need to know what layers in between those first so let's

go here got to rotate this so everyone can see rotate rotate rotate

okay so Cambrian and ovian right here so we need a index fossil which are

these letters between the two right okay so let's go look so it's

going to be the dark line and one line above it dark line one line above it so it's

going to be J it's the only one that's on the like in the area in between so J so it's

probably going to be this guy tetr grapus that's who I would pick all right

83 lend luned let's see um okay what's the question

determine the lon longitude of the Sierra Madera crater it's right there and what do they want us to do to the

nearest whole degree okay yeah I was going to say this is estimated so it's between 32 and 30

North so 31° North comma and then right here is 103° West wow that was super duper basic 31 North

103 you got to put your directions on that or you won't get the credit 84 State the name of the crater that has

a diameter equal to the straight line distance in kilometers between itha and slide Mountain oh my

gosh why New York why so we got to go itha to slide Mountain we got to rotate this this is

terrible you got to use this scale down here and we got to go from itha which is here oh my

gosh to slide Mountain where is slide Mountain oops I Thea or ignore that first line so

that distance there and do they want that in

colomet so I can't estimate this on a computer very well

so it looks like two of those I would say it's about 160 km just just by eyeballing it but you would um measure

that so you get a piece of scrap paper measure that line right there use the kilometers I'm going to see if 160

Works where is this 160 kilomet yeah so it' be this one it' probably be the one near 180 the other

ones are way not even close so it's this one C hi i cxu l u b okay that one's kind of that one's it

that one's not hard it's just like annoying and kind of weird so that one's kind of weird identify one type of solar

system object that could have impacted the Earth surface to create any of these a crater uh it could be like a meteor

and asteroid I would say we'll put an asteroid meteor something like

that whichever one all right that's all the questions I would say there's like three on there so I would say this test

overall I would rate it my ranking of the in terms of 10 being the hardest regions ever to one being the easiest I

would say this is um like a four I would say there's some like weird questions on there but

overall this was very straightforward so anyway I hope that helps if you already uh if you stuck with me to the end thank

you and um good luck on your test and if you have any questions let me know in the comments all right see you later bye