Effective Feeding Management for Poultry and Livestock

technology and livelihood education Agriculture and fishery arts for grade seven our topic is feeding management of

poultry and [Music] livestock week seven part two

the following are the content standard and performance standard for this lesson here are the learning competency

and objectives of this lesson our topic is feeding management of poultry and

livestock feeding facilities for goat and sheep the feeding troughs feeding

troughs should be trapezoidal or semicylindrical it should have a department of 180 mm to 250 mm by 300 mm

it shall be raised off off the ground at least 150 mm to keep the animals hay racks shall be diagonal or vertical

slats with a minimum spacing of 130 mm hay racks shall be properly positioned and designed to avoid risk of injury the

following figures present the side view and front view of the feeding racks the recommended linear feed space

is shown on the following table here are some examples of goat feeding trough

the drinking trough water facility for an open tank drinking system 300 mm space is required for each 15 to 25

heads for automatic watering systems one bowl or nipple shall be provided for every 50 heads the watering devices

shall be situated where water is easily drained for free range the apron around the waterers shall be paved or packed

with gravel at least 750 mm width here are some examples of goat drinking

trough the goat milking area milking area shall be separated from where the goats are kept and shall be provided

with a milking stall here are some examples of goat milting area the suggested flushing rations for

you suggested flushing rations for you include good mixed of pasture of legumes and grasses a grass pasture and 150 gram

of wheat brand per head per day grass 25 Pasture and 250 gam of grains and 450 G of oil cakes legum hay full fed and 100

G of wheat bran and 150 to 200 g of grain and green fod at 10% of body weight and 150 to 200 g of concentrate

per head per day suggested flushing rations for pregnant you suggested flushing ration

for early and mid- pregnancy you include graze on a good pasture 1-2 kg sorghum silage and legum hay of 1/2 to 1 kg head

per day add libidum supply of Maze and 50 g of oil cakes per head per day grazing on stubbles and harvested Fields

supplemented with 100 gram of oil cakes per head per day feeding Rams for breeding Rams in

normal condition require some additional nutrients during the breeding season an overfat Ram needs thinning before the

breeding season through combination of feed reduction and vigorous exercise allow Rams to graze with the Ed

to allow them to get the same rations as the use if separate feeding it may be given 300-500 G of concentrate mixture

consisting of three parts of oats or barley one part Maze and one part wheat per

day feeding of breeding goat if the availability of pasture is good there is no need to supplement concentrate

mixture in poor grazing conditions animals may be supplemented with concentrate mixture at 150 to 350 gam of

concentrate per animal per day the digestible crude protein level of the concentrate mixture used in the adult is

12% types of feeding management first is the extensive grazing extensive grazing

involves letting sheep or goats in the entire pasture and leaving them there for the whole

season next is the rotational grazing method it is done when pasture land is divided by temporary fences into several

sections the animals are moved from one section to another section once the entire pasture is grazed the first

section will have sufficient grass cover to provide second grazing this method controls parasitic infestations to a

great extent it also provides good quality fodder further this system lets Lambs graze first and brings in use to

finish up the feed left by the Lambs and the semi-intensive semi-intensive is a

combination of extensive and intensive systems due to limited grazing it involves extensive management but

controlled grazing it can consists of stall feeding shelter at night 26 under shed and 3 to 5 hours daily grazing and

browsing on pasture and range however this method implicates more feed

cost here is the daily nutrient requirement for meat producing goats the feeding facilities for cattle

the following are the feeding facilities for cattle first is the feeding troughs it shall be placed along the sides of

the pen and should either be made of wood or concrete it shall have horizontal rail to prevent animals from

stepping the trough the height of the horizontal rail shall be 0.7 M for up to 6 months calves

while for S months calves is 0.9 M for yearling heer dry and milking cows is 1 to 2 m the inside surfaces of the

feeding trough should be smooth and it should have rounded Corners to facilitate

cleaning the bed of the trough should be 0.15 m above the level of the apron to facilitate natural feeding stance for

calves up to one year the dimension of the feed trough shall be 0.25 M depth 0.4 to 0.65 M bottom width and 0.65 to

0.85 m top width for older animals the dimension of the feed trough shall be 0.4 M depth 0.45 to 0.7 M bottom width

and 0.7 to 0.9 top width the linear feeding space for dairy cattle is shown on the table below if

the feeding trough is separated from the shed or pen concrete or gravel packed aprons along the feeder shall be

constructed and shall be at least 1.5 M wide and slope of 2 to 4% towards the drainage the following are the linear

feeding spaces per animal next is the storage sheds it is used for all feed stuffs such as hay

grain mineral salt shall be provided to keep it dry to protect from rodents and other

animals here is the commonly feed ingredients for dairy animals feeding dairy cows feeding

management plays a crucial role in farm economy because feed alone constitutes 60% of the production cost of milk the

nutrient requirement should be determined for maintenance as well as for milk production to meet the fat

percentage in milk and gestation thus it needs computation dry matter from ruffage should not exceed 2%

of cow's live weight nor should it be less than 1% the recommended nutrient inclusions

for cattles it should have major minerals which include phosphorus magnesium sodium potassium and chlorine

microminerals include iron copper zinc manganese Cobalt selenium thyroid Florine and vitamins include vitamin A d

e k and C the table below shows the feeding allowances for

cattle the pig feed management the swine feeding swine are monogastric animals that can utilize

fibrous food only to a limited extent part of the protein diet of pigs comes from animal sources they should be fed

on a regular basis Fresh Feed should be put only after removal of the previous feed from the feed trough

swill feeding is recommended for commercial pigs they require 4 to 8 kilog per day all categories of pigs can

be given small quantities of fodder or they may be pastured to graze grasses ad libitum feeding may be practiced for

weaned pigs to avoid post-weaning weight depression below are the nutrient requirement of breeding Stu

the nutrient requirement of growing [Music] stock below are the list of other feeds

used for feeding feeding boes a feeding board requires 2- 2.5 kg concentrate per 100

kg weight feed allowances should be either fat or run down greens should be provided if they are raised indoors

year- round pasture is excellent if it can provide physical exercise and valuable

nutrients feeding female there is a demand for nutrients resulting from pregnancy to ensure lactation The

increased needs are intended for proteins vitamins and minerals they gain 30 to 35 kg and guilts 40 to

45 kg during pregnancy there should be regulation of feed so that they will never get fat or thin individual feeding

is required flushing is a practice of giving extra feed to se and guilts from 1 to two weeks prior to mating and

returns to normal feeding after mating feeding of farrowing s and litter feed them lightly with bulky laxative

feed bring the sa to full feeding in in 10 days greens should be provided feed allowance is 2.5 to 3 Kg per 100 kg body

weight at a rate of 0.2 kg per piglet with the S thus a 100 kg s should receive 4.6 kg feed per day the piglets

may be provided with a special nourishing diet called creep feed creep feeding creep feeding is a

self-feeding concentrate to piglets this should be given when they are 2 weeks old each can consume about 10 kilogram

feed before reaching the age of eight weeks feeding of growing and finishing pigs the pigs may be given complete feed

they can consume to attain maximum growth they must be fed on a regular basis twice to Thrice a day on average

the post-weaning feed conversion efficiency is four as fattening progresses protein per in ration may be

decreased this period may be considered from weaning 9 to 10 kg to the slaughterhouse weight of 90 to 100

kg feeding orphan pigs piglets should be immediately shifted to a foster mother when a SE dies or fails to produce milk

or does not claim her pigs swill feeding refers to the practice of feeding pigs with leftover

food scraps or waste food often from human meals or food processing these scraps may include various types of food

waste such as vegetables grains meat da dairy products and other edible food remnants the following are the feed

Veterinary inputs and water for [Music] chickens first the chicken should be

provided with adequate safe and clean feed that would allow them to meet their Optimum Nutrition level they should be

provided with a daily feeding schedule or routine second Farm owner ERS should acquire feed from suppliers who follow

good manufacturing practices and or good hygiene practices that conforms with the quality and standards set by regulatory

bodies third procedures on on Farm manufacturer feeds should minimize contamination fourth Farm owners should

use ingredients from authorized suppliers records of purchases should be kept seek assistance from experts if

necessary fif the feed mixing equipment should be always kept clean and have a regular preventive maintenance

schedule sixth the feed chain should be well managed to prevent feed from contamination then feeds and Veterinary

inputs should be kept in a designated area under good ventilation and finally there should be a good recordkeeping

procedure that includes the following supplier type of feed or supplements quantity Declaration of ingredients

document of feed analysis date of delivery and date of manufacturing and batch

number on the right is the table of ration of layer Mash in conclusion effective feeding

Management in poultry and livestock is a vile aspect of successful farming by tailoring feed to the specific needs of

different species and production stages farmers can improve productivity reduce costs and enhance Animal Health regular

monitoring adapting to changing conditions and using high quality well-balanced feed are keys to

optimizing the performance and Welfare of the animals A Time To Remember

this is teacher milen thank you for watching and please subscribe to my YouTube channel