Comprehensive Guide to Prehistoric Archaeology and Dating Methods

hi everyone in anthropology lecture series for paper one today we will be discussing topic 1.8

part 1. so let's begin before i begin the lecture i want to tell you that syllabus culture 1.7 part

that i won't be covering in the lectures the reason being used my basic biological concept said

that you can cover from any of the textbooks all right or jologi notes or ppt's excess they can

join our telegram channel the link has been given in the description box so first of all now talk

about uh principles of prehistoric archaeological

prehistoric archaeology or basic archaeological concepts then we'll talk about the importance of

chronology about them relative dating or relatively dating

then we'll talk about absolute dating or unki allah so this lecture might uh be a bit

lengthy but you should stay tuned for learning purpose

all right to understand prehistoric archaeology it's very important to understand that what is archaeology

archaeologically basically so m

that is prehistoric archaeology from prehistoric archaeology or history so that it becomes clear to you keep

prehistoric historic differences see historic archaeology as the name suggests

so this is all about the historic archaeology then i'm prehistoric archaeology

syllabus so it study the human history or the pre-history of that period uh where the written record

uh when they did not start writing things down until

all archaeology that was used by turner and that was in 1851

and it was daniel wilson who used the world in his book the archaeology and the prehistoric animal of

scotland uh sorry answer writing my mention [Music]

that is like after the second world war as a result new subfields or approaches has been emerged

which gave birth to the concepts like new or um role examples as i have mentioned

that megalithium that has been using megaliths megaliths happening they call

it boulder stones to create monuments is a dead uh

cultural phenomenon in most part of the world but it's still practiced by more of the tribal communities in the same

way but in some modified form in northeast india especially

traditionally indiana how the culture is evolving how people are practicing and caring for what the

things are not uh then uh old world or new world archaeology because i thought

foreign than they do with the historians in many cases

so how do archaeologists study the past see lectures

and then they reach on to some conclusions so of course they study uh with the help of some materials only

or um i hope yetis are cooking clear okay that things like pottery stone or even bone

uh or grimaldi's or esri homo sapiens tools can tell archaeologists about

different types of food utilize types of techniques

subject how they used to live and what was their culture what kind of an uh you know

celebration they were doing or all these things archaeological context

so basically context uh is based upon some of the geological laws complimentary

[Music] that the dry farming method that is practiced in the hills of northeast

india would illustrate the ancient method of neolithic agriculture of neolithic

agriculture so that is the relation that you can write if you are asked in the

examination uh mind or you can find out a lot many things

while studying anthropology also you should try and interlink uh various things so that examination

is now quickly talking about the chronology of chronology

it's the management of past event so that is what the chronology that is how you are able to link various

things and that is what you can see that chronology play a central road in the prehistory and help us to understand

about the relative timing and the changing human societies

even pre-historically updated dating or absolutely

absolutely but in relation to some [Music]

[Music] um um

so these two are like a fairly simple one third type of relative dating keyboard

so that is cross dating so basically foreign [Music]

determining the relative age of some sites in the western united states mexico and peru

[Music] um the longer a bone will be placed in the

soil the more fluorine will be caught in and hence can suggest a relative that the study of fossilized remains of

bone and archaeological sites also provides relatively this method is based on the fact that some animal

migrate or become extinct with the change of climate though this is uh um basically

so um scientist has created this particular

relative dating chart this particular period organisms exist if you have time you can

and just have a look at it and you can you know [Music]

[Music] as what is the age of that particular

sample although uh there is a flowchart to it because again what we need to know from

anthropological perspective that we have already discussed together or potassium and argan data

decays to a40 at a known rate so basically after potassium at a certain point of time

and the ratio of potassium to algal may be measured to a certain is able to cover a wide range of time

ever uh far greater than the c40 method you know you see 14 that this method can be applied to only

those rocks and minerals which are rich in potassium organic matter

content that is yet to be seen especially under the esr spin resonance electron

spin magnetic rating again to a certain degree the magnetic element

of the baked clay realign themselves along line dictated by the intensity

and the character of magnetic field of the earth at that point of time so basically

like age of the remnants okay then talking about a few more is amino acid racimization

technique basically your principle that uh [Music]

uh of amino acid racimization technique take or you can either draw the uh particular

diagram also to summarize the point although there are like uh two three more methods of

absolute dating uh but um um like we are running out of time

so you can uh you know read it out from the notes itself that is well mentioned out there uh to to

summarize uh like i have mentioned some of the dating methods method con concert

so it will help you to you know quote the examples while you're writing about some of the particular

dating methods so this is for today's lecture and uh this was i know a bit lengthier

one but i hope you are able to understand about the dating methods and their

usage all right so i'll be coming up with the next lecture very soon thank you so much