Designing a Network for XYZ Company: A Step-by-Step Guide

hi guys welcome back to my channel and thank you so much for clicking

in this video we're going to handle the second networking project on our list so in the previous

video guys we managed to handle the first networking project in our list okay and we said we'll beginning from

the very basic project to a much complicated one so guys of course you have not watched the previous video

i will leave a link on the description part click on the link and watch the previous and watch the

previous video because it's very very important for this one we start from the very basic one to a much complicated one

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so welcome and let's start okay so i have a problem here

let me just show you the problem this is the problem that i have got the problem says

xyz company is a fast growing company in eastern australia with more than 2 million customers global

the company deals with selling and buying of food items which are which which are basically operated from the

headquarters okay the company is intending to open a branch near the local village bon alba

thus the company requires a young i.t graduate to design the network for the for the branch i mean

the network is intended to operate separately from the hq network very importantly the network

is important the network is intended to operate separately from the hq network okay

now being a small network the company is the following requirement during implementation during design and

implementation okay the company only requires one router and one switch for that

small network okay all these products should be cisco products okay

then the company requests that branch to have three departments which are admin stroke

id finance stroke hr and finally customer service stroke reception

and then but see each department is required to be in a different way okay

but the each department is required to have wireless network for the users okay most devices in the network are required

to obtain ipv4 address automatically but f devices in all the net in all the departments are required to communicate

with each other okay now assume the isp gave a base network of this one you as a network engineer

who has been hired design and implement a network considering the above requirements

okay guys so this is the case study before you can do something you have to understand the background of the problem

and you want to evaluate the problem and to identify the possible solution to solve that particular problem okay

there's a company that is based in eastern australia and you know

it operates and it deals with selling and buying

food items and all these operations are done from the headquarter

and i can assume that the company has no branch so far and now the company is intending to open a branch near the

local village okay because you know two million customers from the

headquarters are too much so they're trying to open a branch to accommodate other customers so that the

headquarter so that the headquarters cannot be flooded okay

so the company requires just a young i.t graduate to design the network for the branch

okay and the network is intended to operate separately from the hq this is a very important

point guys the network is import the network is intended to operate separately from the

hq network basically what this means

is that the branch network will be in a different autonomous system from the sq

network okay very important during our descent and the implementation i mean okay

then there are some requirements that the company requires one router and one switch to be used all cisco products

because you know it's a small network very small okay then

three departments which includes this one okay each department is required to be in

different vlans very important meaning in our configuration

meaning in our additional implementation will have different villains three values okay because three departments

different villains three department three villains okay

each department is required to have wireless network for the users meaning at every department we will have

access point wireless access point to provide wi-fi for the users then finally part five

host devices in the network are required to obtain ip address automatically

basically to obtain ip address automatically we are going to use dcp server and we are going to configure the

router here as our dcp server okay now but f which is the final point devices in all the departments are

required to communicate with each error you know these devices are in different values we

have three departments okay which represents three venues so by default devices in different

villains will not communicate and hence we have to implement what is called intervalent routing and to enable these

devices in different valence to communicate okay so i will list those important points

down so that we can take the approach from there and now finally assume that isp gave out

a basement of provision u.s young network engineer who has been hired designed and implement a network

considering the above requirements this is the base network okay

and considering the requirements the branch is required to have three departments

meaning now we have to do some subnetting to allocate ip address to each subnet okay so

basically what i'll start with guys is the design part before you can go to subnetting and configuration part

okay the company said they require just one router okay

i'll choose 29 11 router and place there okay

then one switch a cisco switch i'll take one switch

and place here how many departments we have free departments so

let's say so this is the first department designer printer

the second department is a pc and the printer also and finally

the third department is pc and the printer also you know there are several

there are several devices so we can put them all here okay

this is just a demonstration a kind of a prototype okay

so let's go back to the case study each department is required to be in different values this the country's

configuration part we will just comment to indicate which villain is this a department is required to have

wireless network for the users meaning we have to configure access points so basically i'll come to wireless devices

and choose access point for this department access point for this department and

finally access find for this department and now let's go back most devices in the network are required

to obtain auto that is the configuration part devices configuration part and now let's do the connection

let's do the cabling i'll use the automatic cable type and then from printer the amine from p

switch to access point then from this to this

these are very important project guys remember we are going to handle valence interval and routing dcp server and

subnetting which are very very important and those are things that we have

learned in our previous classes this is a very very important project the complexity of these projects will

increase you know as we handle many projects so consider this one as a simple project

the next one will be a much little bit uh complicated than this one

and hence very very important very very important okay

so we are done doing the descent part as you can see we have a router as a

required a switch and the host devices and these devices

department one two three and basically just spread the boundaries so that

we can know which department is this so that is a let's say there and uh

yes it's used green another one here and finally the flash department

at least blue okay

what i'll do next is just to comment the first department was admin stroke as i t

so this is administrative admin stroke i think

then we have finance stroke hr

we have customer service cs stroke reception okay and then what else can we comment

let me just go to back to the case study one router three departments deeper oh valence so let's assume

i admin this department belongs to villain 10 so

let's see vlan 10 this belongs to vlan 20 and finally here belongs to villain 30

okay so we are good to go

and start the practical part of this one subnetting and configuration okay so the next step guys is to go for

subnetting okay and for submitting guys i will open one

document and guide you through it so i'll open word we will do submitting based on the

requirements okay so basically what you have to list

during subnetting the best network the base network which is

192.168.1.0 okay then the number of departments required

or the number of subnets required number of subnets

is equal to three okay so

these two will act as the guideline for subnetting okay

guys in the previous project that you handle it is very similar to this one

because in that particular project we were also given a base network

and the number of required subnets okay in that case there were two and now here there are three and we said to find

the number of subnet guys there is a formula okay

okay and that formula is number of subnet

is equal to 2 raised to power n okay

where this n will represent the number of borrowed bits the number of borrowed network bits

okay so 2

raised to n is equal to 3 number of subnets 3. so this is the

formula and n here represent the number of ball bits the number of borrowed network bits so

which value here that tourist that value will give us three so let's try

two raised to 0 will give us 1 that's wrong okay

2 raised to 1 will give us 2 that is very less you know when you are doing calculation

the number n should give a result of that is equivalent to the number of

subunits or more than the number of subnets okay but you should not give a value that is less

than okay the number of subnets the number of required subnets

okay so two let's try two raise to power two that will give us four the number of departments and you say the number of

the pattern the number of subnets you know the formula here should give a value which is equivalent to the

required value here or mother okay zero is less one is less two is mother okay meaning

and must just be two okay so

n is equal to two and we said guys

and represent the number of borrowed bits the number net borrowed network bits let's go back to our base network

this is a class c address okay and for class c address the subject mask let's just say class c

subnet mask should be 255 255.255.0 okay and when you convert this to binary

guys when you convert this decimal value to binary i mean you will get a value

that is equivalent to sorry the first octet will be

eight ones one two three four five six seven eight okay because two point five all the bits are turned

on okay and now the second octet also will be eight bits turned on

the same for third update eight beans bit stand on okay and now for the last octet guys you

see it's zero no beats is turned on so it's all zero zero one

two three four five six seven eight okay so

normally this is the subnet mask of a class c address plus

the binary form of it but we have two borrowed bits to satisfy the requirement

here guys what do we do this is the normal subnet mask of a class c address but now to satisfy the

subnet requirement we have to borrow two network bits so

the new binary form will be remember this is the first binary form okay now the new binary form will be i'm copying

it after borrowing after borrowing

after after book after borrowing two bits

okay now new binary form

is equal to this one then we borrow two bits two

network bits the network bits are represented by one one one okay

now we have border two bits okay from the host portion

okay now the network id will be represented from this point

from the last one to the first one here okay from here

to here sorry to here okay now this will be the

network bit and this will be the old portion so guys

to carry on with subnetting let's convert this back to decimal to convert this back to the

decimal guys an octave that has it's all beats turn on

represent a banner represent a decimal value of two five five then two five five then two five five for these three

okay now let's go for the last octet

okay and convert this to decimal we want to convert we want to convert

this value in decimal and now we start put this into we convert the binary into decimal to find the last octet of the

new subnet mask this is the new subnet mask let me just say new

sm okay raised to 0 times 0 is 0

2 raised to 1 times 0 is 0 2 raised to 2

times 0 is 0 2 raised to 3 times 0 is 0 2 is 2 4 times 0 is 0 2 raised to 5 times 0 is

0 2 raised to 6 times 1 is 64

plus 2 raised to 7 times 1 is 128 so it's 128 plus 64. and we get 192

conversion of binary into decimal guys pretty much simple if you have any problem kindly research about it

google and you will understand it better okay so this is our new subject mask and

basically we're going to use the subnet mask guys plus this base network now to find

the num profile to allocate ip address at every

department okay all right so we said in our previous class

that's the class of subnetting whenever a subnet mask ends with 92 192 i mean now the block size is

let me show you subnet mask block size calculation this is it

when subnet mask ends with 128 the block says one always wanted to name when subnet mask ends with 188 the block size

is 128 182 becomes 64. 224 becomes 32 and so and so forth and now our subject mask ends with 192.

now our block size is 164 and now the blockers will tell us how to move from one subnet to another okay

all right so let's go one and two represent a boxes of 64 boxes

is equal to 64. okay now let's find

the ipl location for each depart now now let's find ipl location for each

department okay first department first submit okay

second subnet and finally third subnet because we have three departments

okay so the first department guys we always say network id

network id broadcast id id

okay and uh or strange

okay then finally sub no now

we use this so for the network id guys you know these are block size

and the network id guys will be this one okay dot zero should ensure that the first network id

begins from dot z okay and now the second network id should begin from

the block size plus this one okay which is let me just copy this first

and paste here now in the second subnet

the network id will be this one plus the block size which is 64. okay

can you hear me can you can you understand that and now finally on the third department

let me just paste this the network id will be the block size which is 64

okay plus the network id of

there is previous subnet which is 128

and now from this point we can calculate the broadcast id and the range of valid host

ids okay to find the broadcast id guys

the broadcast id will be the last ip address to move to the next subnet

if this is the next subnet now the last ip address wii is 182.168.1.63 [Music]

the last iprs to move to the next subnet

okay and now broadcast id here will be

the last ip to move the next subnet which is which is 103.168.1.127 okay

all right and now here guys you know we don't to find the broadcast id here guys

if you have not calculated the fourth subnet just add 164 here and subtract one okay

so let's just add 63 here which will be

191 quantity 168.1.191 191 that will be the broadcast id of the third subnet okay

and now let's find the range of valid host the range of valid host guys lies between the network id and broadcast id

so the network id is 12.168.1.0 but now the range of valid os lies in between meanings.1

to 192.168.1.62 [Music]

in between these two okay 0 to 63 so the range of valid from

dot one to dot 62 okay the same for for the second segment i'll copy paste

i'll paste it and say 65 now 65

subtract 1 here 126 126 and finally

the third subnet will paste and say here is 129 you had one here subtract one here 129

and now subtract one here which is a 190 okay now guys we are done

okay we can now go back to the configuration part we are done with subnetting all right

this is the first subnet and the first subnet the network id is 182.168.1.0

so the so this is the subnet mask

and when you convert it and when you convert it into a slash notation you'll find the value which is so this is the

binary this is 8 8 8 plus 2 8 16 24 plus this two which is a 26 okay

a subnet mask of this one represent a slash notation of 26 okay

so i'll go back to get tracer and finish commenting slash 26 then i'll go back here again and say now

the network is 102.168.1.64 26 and finally here

192.168. 1.128 shows 26 okay the subnets

network at every subnet okay we are following here the first subnet the network id was

here as you can see second one dot 64 third one dot 60 dot 128 timing and the subnet mask for all is this one which is

represented by slash 26 notation so i'll go back to the configuration part so guys we are done with subreddit with

the comments and let's go back to the problem the first case is done

second one is done each department is required to be in different villains now the configuration

part begins let's configure vlans how do we configure vlan and where do we configure vlan we

configure vlans in the switches okay so click on the switch then you come to command li

enable config configure okay

then so i will get the interfaces which is a gig 04 this is gig 0 2 and finally gig

03 okay so i'll go to the same switch and say

interface gig interface range because we want to

configure the same parameter to those particular indexes interface fp0 slash

two to four i'm very sorry it was a phase zero slash not a gig

okay eager for the routers so interface range this one

and you hit enter and now switch point mode access how to configure

valence you enter that interface then you change that interface into access mode then

after changing it into access mode now you assign the villar number now switchboard

access vlan 10

as you can see access villain doesn't exist creating vlan 10

and we are done assigning vlan to these interfaces so let's go to the

second interfaces which are a phaser five six

and seven and ascend to vlan 20. so i'll just try to retrieve the above

configuration okay effects class five to seven

okay switchboard mode access then switch part access vlan 20 very simple

then finally which interfaces are these this this one is a

10 nine and eight so it's eight to ten

eight to ten switchboard mode access then switchbot access

vlan 30 [Music] do right

exit do show start as you can see guys

we have assigned these interfaces to number as you can see slash two and

slash three valentine i mean i mean

slash two to four valentine five to seven last vlan 20 i mean and finally

8 to 10 villain 30 okay so we are done configuring vlans let's go back to the problem

each department is required to have wireless for the users okay as you can see guys we have

placed the wireless access points at every department and now let's configure them we configure password and ssid the

wifi name okay start from that one and you come to config and port one okay

but one let's say the name is uh that is the admin admin wi-fi

and the password should be the authentication mechanism should be wpa2 psk okay

and let's say admin at one two three okay it's done let's configure the third at the second

access point i mean you come to part one and say let's say this one is finance

finance wi-fi and password

should be let's say f finance at one two three

and finally the third access point come to config bot1

the name should be cs wi-fi

and the password should be cs at one two three we are done guys

we are sorry sorry sorry sorry sorry the password should be a minimum of

eight words so i'll go back and reconfigure it again i'll configure the password again and

say see a customer

at one two three okay we're done so let's go back to the problem again and see

all devices in the network are required to obtain ipv4 address automatically devices in all the departments are

required to communicate with each other guys to obtain ipv4 address automatically

that is dtp server implementation for the devices in different vlans to communicate that is interval and routing

so let's go to the router and configure that too okay so i'll go back to the configuration

part and guys before we can proceed i want to explain something you know

these parts here that are connected to the host devices at every department their access points

and we said accessport can only access one villain at a time okay

so you know during communication in the network the traffic will be going to the router

then coming back for example from pc 0 the traffic will be going from pc 0

through the switch to the router then coming from the router to switch to the destination

and now the traffic that will be passing this interface will have

various vlan id for example the traffic from this department will be having will have

a villain idea finland 10 from here vlan 20 and from here we'll learn that

and this interface should be a trunk interface because a trunk interface

allows passage of multiple vlogs so this is f zero slash one

[Music] so interface f a little now we are done with everything on the

switch so any configuration is so any configuration that is remaining

is in the router and we will go on the router

and start the and start configuring what is required okay so i'll click on

the router cli so you know

the first configuration that we'll do is to turn this interface up it's in shutdown by default

so enable config

interface gig i hope it is gig 0 0 gig 0 0

yeah so it's geek0 no shutdown and do right

okay we are done so what's remaining basically is to configure intervalon and

dhcp server we'll start with the intervalon routing

okay and to configure interval and writing guys we said from a single physical interface we create

multiple sub interfaces for example this is gabe00 so from this interface we will as we will create

sub interfaces and assign ip address that will act as a default gateway to the respective villa

okay the first thing is to create a sub interface okay let's go on

exit how do you create a sub interface kindly take note on which interface is

connected to your network okay gig zero zero so interface

gig zero zero then to create a sub interface this is vlan 10 and to create a server

interface for valentine let's say gig 0 0 dot

10 okay a sub interface from this physical interface okay and hit enter

[Music] then after creating a sub interface guys the

most important part is to specify encapsulation dot

one cube okay dot one q then the vlan number encapsulation dot one queue and the vlan

number for vlan 10 the first command was to create a sub interface

that is similar to the villain number dot 10 yeah is vlan 10 okay then encapsulation dot one q

the v number which is vlan 10 okay then we want we want to assign this sub and interface

as a default gateway for this vlan and now we are sending ip address to this [Music]

interface that ip address will act as a default gateway for this villa okay for this subnet and we said

it for first and we said for the first subnet the range of valid host id start from

dot one so let's say the router text dot one okay the router's interface

that interface 192.168.1.1 and now subnet mask guys we said 255.255.255.192

don't forget this was our subnet mask for all the subnets okay

and you hit enter so let's go to the second interface which is

[Music] so interface

the same physical interface so you hit sub interface interface gig zero zero dot

the second vlan which is which id vlan 20 dot vlan 20 and you hit enter

then encapsulation [Music] dot 1q 20 the vlan number guys don't

forget and you hit enter and now you assign appearance to this interface let me try to retrieve the above

configuration and to send a p address to this interface guys we said in the first

in the second subnet the range of valid oscillators from 65

okay so they let the routers interface the created sub interface to take

65 okay and hit enter do that exit and now finally we create a sub

interface for this villa which is villain 30 dot 30

then encapsulation dot 1 q 30 the villain id okay

and i p address should be for the third subnet the ip address the range of valid appearance for host

the range of osmo diaper should start from 129 okay okay

so the router's interface the sub interface will take dot 129

and you hit enter do right exit

we are done configuring interval and routing and as you can check do show start

sorry now as you can see guys we have created how

many sub interfaces three sub interfaces from this physical interface dot 10.20 under 30. for the 10 guys represent

the first subnet with the you know billionaire villain id is indicated here plus

the peer address of the default gateway okay all right so what's remaining guys is to

configure dhcp server guys to configure the sap server we said [Music]

the first thing is to enable dcp service on that particular device okay but you know on the cisco devices

by default it's enabled so i'll go back to the router exit

and say service dhcp this command here will be

will enable tcp service okay then after you have enabled dhcp service on that particular route i mean

after you have the enable dcp service on that particular device now you create ports okay

for example this is admin this is finance and finally customer care stroke reception

okay for example so this will be tool admin just click

using with command ip dhcp pool okay

admin say admin tool okay hit enter

and now after you have created this pool guys it is it represent this subnet okay now let's assign a network

address to the pool that we have created the network should be you just say network

192.168.1.0 [Music] now the network you don't place ip

address here okay plus the subnet mask which is a 26 notation

255.25 255.255.192 slash 26 notation and you hit enter

after that you give a default gateway default gateway the default gateway guys will be the ip address of that sub

interface that we created and assigned to that particular failure which is the chain this the ip address of this urban

interface not 10. it was 1.1 okay

very simple 1218.1.1 and now dns

server let's give it uh the same as ip 192.1 [Music]

168.1.1 hit enter and now domain name the main name

let's say admin dot com and exit

we're done okay and now these devices here will be

assigned ip address automatically let's move to the second subnet okay in which we will create another pool

so in the second subnet we'll create a pool called ipdc people

pull let's say finance pull okay

assign network to this pool the network should be this one one and two other ones theater

16 1.64 okay she has 26 notation so the network should be

192.18.1.64 [Music] a subnet mask of two 255.255.255.192

[Music] and you eat enter default gateway now you assign the

default gateway default router the same thing for the default router it will be the ip address of the sub interface we

created okay while implementing intervalon which was touchscreen the ipaddress of this

interface was 0.65 okay so it's a 12.168.1.65

and now dns server will also [Music] 8.1.65

and domain name will be let's say finance dot com

and exit we are done for this subreddit and now these host

devices will be allocated i p address automatically so let's go back to the final

subnet so let's go back to the last subnet which is a

valentine css entry cs and reception which will create another pool which is

called ip dhcp pool let's say

css.com okay sorry no problem let's just go home

now network will send network to that pool which is this one okay

one and two one two one eight dot one dot one two eight

okay subnet mask of 255.255.255.192 okay

and hit enter now default router will be the ip address of that sub interface we created while implementing interval and

routing which is dot three dot start amy the appear address was dot one two nine one two dot one sixty eight 68.1.129

dns 192.168.1.129 domain name

css.com exit do right

guys we are done configuring everything as per the requirement okay so basically what is remaining is to

test communication devices in all departments are required to communicate with each other that's to test

communication the first thing that i will do is to change the allocation ipa location

method to dtp i'll click on the pc come to desktop i pay and you come to dhcp give it time i hope it will pick up

as you can see as you can see it's successful now for the printer

config then you come to you come to first season x0

ip2 dhcp will pick up as you can see dot 3. and

for the access point let's just give for the access point guys we'll play some most devices at every department

so i will finish with this department first now let's go back to the second subnet

and do the same and it will pick let's just give it time click on the printer

and come to the facility zero dcp give it time let me hover over it it has taken six six okay

now for the last subnet config sorry

question is zero as you can see it has it has picked automatically now for the pc

it has a config i mean dhcp it has picked automatically okay and

printer okay all right guys so as we said

so guys in the problem each department is required to have wireless access network

each department is required to have wireless network for the users so we have access point here access point here

access point here so let's test them i will place things like let's say a smartphone here

and a laptop here is laptop here and a smartphone here

a smartphone here and a laptop here and try to connect them to the access

point so for example this one the access point name was uh it was a admin wi-fi

and the password was admin at one two three so i'll go to smartphone and try to connect to it

come to config wireless zero now

it's under ssd press that word admin wi-fi and authentication should be

admin at one two three and close this one i hope it will

connect just give it time and it will check the appearance that it has been assigned so let's go to the ip

address and check the appearance that it has been assigned go to desktop and check the dhcp delete

go back come back to static and again to dcp as you can see it has been assigned ip

address in that network okay so

finally so also in this department now let's connect

this laptop and to connect laptop guys we have to insert a wireless model so the first thing is to turn off the

laptop and remove the existing model as you can see now the part is empty and

drag this wpc 300 okay press there turn it on again now let's go back to the

laptop and check the password and let's check the password and this is

the name of this wi-fi finance wi-fi finance at one two three

four for laptop you can desktop wireless pc you come to pc wireless

and now you come to connect and refresh just give it time we have three

access points css wi-fi admin wi-fi and finance wi-fi and now we want to connect our finance

wi-fi connect the password is uh finance

at one two three and you connect close this

and close this one as you can see it has connected successfully okay

it has connected successfully so finally let's go back to this department also

and now i'll involve tablet and connect the tablet on this side so i'll click on the tablet

come back to [Music] come to

wireless0 and which wi-fi was this css wi-fi cs wi-fi customer at one two

three so the name is cs wi-fi

the password is customer at one two three

and plus you want to see i appeared as that it has been given

so pc let's go back to as you can see it has been allocated ip address dynamically okay

everything is working perfectly fine guys and now what's remaining basically is to test communication i will test

communication from this smartphone to this pc and from this tablet to this printer and finally from this

laptop um to

this print again okay or from this laptop to this smartphone

so let's start from this smartphone to this pc the pc as dot

131 okay so i'll try to ping the 131 ping

192 once give it time interval and writing has been implemented successfully dcp server

is working just give it time as you can see guys everything is working perfectly fine

okay now let's test from this tablet to this printer the printer as uh dot one three okay

so i'll go back to our desktop and try to play fine to 168.1.3

everything is working perfectly fine the first packet might always fail but the subsequent one successful as you can see

everything is working perfectly fine guys but

our implementation is working and now from this pc to this uh let's test which one

let's test this pc which is a dot 2 from

the laptop to pcm come to command prompt ping

1 to 168 dot one dot two

and you ate it let's give it time guys it will ping successfully guys pretty much simple this was a very very

important project that we are submitting with that we unload the decent part

subnetting vlans dcp server and interviewer and access point configuration pretty

much simple guide so basically that will mark the end of this project and as you can see

everything has been implemented successfully and they are working as required and now the company has indeed

hired a young i.t graduate to design a network for their brand and the network for the branch is perfectly working as

required guys basically that's the end of this video suppose you like this video don't log out without subscribing

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