Profit & Loss: Solve Aptitude Problems Fast with Formulas & Tricks

hi welcome to a tutorial on profit and loss from career right.com two to three profit and loss sums are commonly found

in every placement test job interviews MBA Banks and all other competitive exams in this video we learn tips and

tricks to quickly solve profit loss sums so as to get an edge in exams profit and loss questions quantitative aptitude

practice test and thousand plus aptitude questions are available on career right.com for practice so now let's

start with profit and [Music] loss there are a few formulas related to

profit and loss which you should know right at the start because those are the basic formulas and those are needed to

solve all the sums related to profit and loss okay these are very easy formulas you'll remember them very quickly now

let's take an example say you have a object or like a book okay this is a book the price of the book you made this

book in say rupees 200 right so this becomes your cost price what is this this is the cost price of the book that

is the amount which you spent to create the book or develop the book now if you want to sell this book for rupees say uh

100 rupees profit okay you want uh 100 rupees profit after selling the book what you'll do you'll sell the book for

rupees 200 plus the 100 rupes profit you want that is rupees 300 right so this becomes the selling

price of the book from here onwards we are going to call cost price as CP and the selling price would be denoted as SP

okay so selling price becomes SP that is nothing but selling price is nothing but cost price plus the profit which you

want in rupees now you wanted rupees 100 profit right now this profit is in rupees if you want to express this

profit into percentage how will you do it you'll simply write percentage profit is nothing but the profit in rupees

divided by the cost price it is not the selling price but the cost price always remember profit is always calculated on

the cost price selling price will never never ever come in the denominator selling price will never ever come in

the denominator it will always be cost price when we talk about profit and loss since we want percentage we have learned

in percentage chapter that for percentage if you want something in percentage just multiply by 100 so this

is the formula for profit percent same way you know what is loss loss means for example if you have a book for 200

rupees and say you have to sell the book for 150 rupees okay you sold the book for 150 rupees that means you took a

loss of rupees 50 then what is percentage loss that would be loss in rupees divided by cost price multiplied

by 100 this is same as profit okay only instead of profit we write loss and always loss and profit are always

calculated in relation to cost price cost price will always be in the denominator not the selling price right

so these are the two formulas which are very very important and all the sums related to profit loss can be solved

using those however apart from these there are some other basic things which you should know there is actually just

one basic thing let us see what it is for example you have a book okay right now again you have a book right and the

price of the book is say rupees 500 okay you made this book the cost price of the book is 500 you made this book in say

rupes 500 and now here earlier we saw that we wanted rupes 100 as profit if someone says that I want say 10% profit

I want to sell the book in such a manner at such a price that I want 10% profit then how to calculate at what point or

at what rupees you should sell the book it is very easy let us see what we did over here earlier it was selling price

is nothing but cost price plus profit in rupees correct now over here selling price would be nothing but since profit

is given in percentage right what is the maximum percentage that we have seen we know that everything that is there a

whole thing is always taken as 100% correct so we'll write 100% now since we want profit profit

means what more money correct more means addition add into that profit percent okay percentage profit here it is 10% so

here it would come 10% we'll solve the example but the formula is 100 plus profit perc multiplied by cost price see

how easy it was it was there was nothing over there it's just whatever profit percent is there add 100 to it and

multiply by cost price right let's solve this now we want 10% profit so what should be the selling price 100 plus 10%

how much per it would be 110 multiplied by cost price that is 500 that would be 110% of 500 let's solve it over year

okay what do we get 110 upon 100 into 500 this gets cancelled so we'll have 550 so the cost now the selling price

has to be 550 then only you'll get 10% profit same way for loss if there if someone says that okay I sold the cost

price of a book was 500 rupees and I sold the book uh at a 20% loss okay 20% loss so at what price did I sell the

book it would simply be given as take a look at over here selling price would be 100 that is the maximum percent since

loss means we have lost the money money is gone so we subtract exactly opposite that of profit loss percent okay and

multiplied by cost price just like the previous formula so here we'll have 100 minus 20% is 80% of cost price cost

price is 500 so that would be 80 upon 100 into 500 that would be nothing but 400 rupees so the cost price was 500

rupees selling price was 400 rupees that means 20% loss or rupes 100 loss so you saw there were only four formulas which

you should remember actually there are only two formulas rest of the two can be derived from this profit percent is what

profit in rupees divided by cost price multiplied by 100 and selling price is given when profit is given then selling

price is what 100 plus profit per multiplied by cost cost price now when you'll use these formulas in the sums

which are to come uh these would become more and more clearer as well as it will help you remember the formulas Right

Moving on let's see some of the sums related to profit and loss question number one aay incurred loss of

20% by selling a W for rupees 2880 to get a profit of 20% at what price should he sell the W now again

what did we learn at the start what are the two formulas percentage profit is nothing but profit in rupees divided by

cost price multiplied by 100 same way percentage losses loss in rupees divided by cost price multipli by 100 and if we

have profit percent or loss percent then what would be the selling price selling price would be 100 plus profit

multiplied by cost price and for loss it would be selling price would be 100 minus loss into cost price these are the

four formulas right just remember two of them this one and this one and you can easily derive the loss formula okay now

over here what do we what what are they saying a incurred loss of of 20% by selling a was for rupees 2880 so what is

the selling price over here 2880 what do we know they have given the loss percentage right do we know the

cost price for the W no let's see can if we can find it out let's see selling price is what 2880 we know selling price

formula 100 minus the loss percentage that is 20 okay multiplied by cost price so what will we get we will get 28 8 0

okay this is percentage 100 minus 20% is into cost price that would be 80% of cost price that would be 80 upon

100 multiplied by cost price so over here what we'll get 2880 into 100 divided by 80 is nothing but the cost

price this is the cost price of the V okay now what they want is that to get a profit of 20% what price should he sell

the W now we saw what should be the selling price in case of the profit selling price should be 100 plus the

profit percentage okay multiplied by the cost price that is 100 + 20% and what is the cost price it is

2880 multiplied by 100 divided by 80 that would be 120 percentage sign converted what we'll get percentage

means division by 100 into 2880 into 100 divided by 80 this gets cancelled this gets cancelled over here

okay so what we'll have 8 6 8 3 are 24 okay 48 8 6 are 48 so we'll have 120 * 36 okay 12 6 are 72 12 3 are 36 + + 7

43 and the zero comes over here so the answer is 4320 that means the W should be sold for rupees

4,320 so that Ajay will get a profit of rupees profit of 20% see using these four formulas very

easily we calculated the answer going to question number two Ram Babu sells paper planes at the rate of 20 planes for

rupee 1 if he gets profit of 20% how many planes did he buy in one rupee now this looks little bit complicated but it

is not it is very very easy when I'll solve this you'll realize how easy it is now what are the formulas we saw we saw

for profit percent we saw for profit loss we saw how to find selling price when profit is given profit percent is

given and we saw how to find selling price when loss percent is given right now Ram Babu sells paper planes at the

rate of 20 planes for rupe one so selling price for 20 planes is rupee 1 okay and what is the selling price since

he gets a profit the selling price would be given by 100 plus the profit percentage multiplied by cost price 100

plus 20 okay per of cost price because we do not know what the cost price is right now so 1 would be equal to 120

upon 100 why 120% we get percentage converted to normal that is divide by 100 multiplied by cost price so cost

price becomes 100 upon 120 okay this is the cost price 100 upon 120 rupees now selling price is 1 rupe

cost price is 100 upon 120 okay now what they have given that means selling price is 1 rupe means 20 planes are sold in 1

rupee that means these 20 planes are bought in 100 upon 12 rupes if 20 planes are bought in 100 upon 120 rupees how

many planes are bought in 1 rupee simply cross multiply what do we get 20 into 1 = to

question mark into 100 upon 120 this comes out to be five okay question mark comes out to be 120 divided by 5 that

would be 5 2 are 10 20 24 so 24 planes can be bought in one rupee now over here again I'll explain selling price is 1

rupe for how many for 20 planes the selling price is 1 rupe and profit percentage ramb Babu gets 20% profit

selling price is 100 plus 20% is cost price this is the formula so we get 120% of cost price that is 120 upon 100 into

cost price so cost price would be 100 upon 120 for 20 planes right so that means 20 planes can be bought in 100

upon 120 rupees then how many planes can be bought in one rupee simply cross multiply and you get the answer as 24

planes going on to next question question number three Uma wants to gain 15% profit on her sale of sugar

she buys 120 kg of sugar at rupees 24 per kg to mix with 180 kg of sugar bought at rupees 28 per kg she sells the

sugar mix at now what all formulas we have seen for profit and loss we have seen percentage profit we have seen

formula for percentage loss formula for finding selling price when we know percent profit selling price when we

know the loss percentage okay out of that now now here we have to find selling price and we know it is profit

so what is the formula 100 plus the profit percentage these many percent of cost

price that is what is profit percent 15% so we have 115% of cost price that would be 115

upon 100 into cost price do we know the cost price no let's see whether we can find it or not this is the cost price

okay now cost price means how much did Uma spend Uma first bought 120 kg of sugar and the rate of the sugar was 24

rupees per kg so how much did she spend totally it would be 120 into 24 that would be equal to

2880 rupees okay now then she went and bought 180 kg of sugar at the rate of 28 rupees per kg what would be the

expenditure in this case 180 into 28 that would be equal to 54 rupees okay now what happened was

that she mixed both these right so what what would be the total cost price now simply addition that would be 8 + 4 12 8

9 okay 5 + 2 is 7 7 92 0 rupes is the total cost price substitute this value over here and get let's get the selling

price 115 upon 100 * 792 0 this gets cancelled 5 into 23 5 into 2 we'll get 23 ided 2 into 7 92 2 3

3 is are 19 9 18 12 this is 23 into 396 that comes out to rup

9108 now over here I have not done the calculation okay I have not direct I have not shown you the calculation I

have directly done it you might feel that this calculation this multiplication is very very difficult or

even this multiplication is difficult but actually the sum is very easy so you'll take hardly 10 seconds to figure

the sum out and rest of the 20 seconds you might need to calculate both these values that is multiply right so some

sums might be very easy only calculation might be little bit lengthy so don't worry here we'll try to make sure that

you understand the sum you understand the concept and very rarely the calculations are such difficult this may

be an exception so in exam you should be able to solve this sum in around 45 seconds not more than that okay

including the calculations moving to the next question question number four goodie

buys some oranges in shop at 4 per rupee she goes to other shop and buys same number of oranges at 5 per rupee she

then combines them in a basket and sells them at four per rupee will she get a profit or loss and how much now here we

do not know whether it is profit whether it is loss and how many oranges goody bought and all that that Stu we only

know the rate at which the oranges were bought so let us see how to tackle these kind of sums this is actually easy sum

you just need common sense and you need to follow the things one by one and you'll be e you'll easily find out now

let's see what is the first thing we don't know whether it is profit or loss how to determine whether it is profit or

loss if selling price minus the cost price is greater than one then it will be profit okay that means if it is

positive it will be profit if selling price minus the cost price is negative then that means it is loss that means

the cost price is more than selling price okay if this is positive it is profit if it is negative it is loss that

much we know now do we know the selling price no we just know that she bought she sold them for four oranges per rupee

at that rate same way for cost price we do not know let us assume okay let us assume that goody goes into the first

shop over there she bought the oranges at the rate of what four oranges okay four oranges at the rate of one rupee in

one rupee she got four oranges so one orange the price of one orange would be 1 upon 4 rupees correct so this is the

price of one orange one orange in the first shop right same way in the second shop she got five

oranges for rupee 1 and the price would be 1X 5 rupees for one orange so this is the price of one orange in the second

shop now she took what she did was that she combined all the oranges in the basket okay all the oranges now if she

if say she takes one orange from the first shop and mixes it with one orange of the second shop how many oranges we

get two oranges what will be the cost price for these two oranges first orange price is 1x4

second oranges price is 1 by 5 that would be 9 upon 20 right so this is the price of two

oranges now while selling she does not sell them separately she sells them combined so what will the price of one

orange we know two oranges pric is 9x2 so what will be the price of one orange simply 9 by2 divided by 2 right so that

would be 9 upon 40 that means the cost price for goodie for one orange in total okay when she combines both the oranges

oranges from both the shops is nothing but 9x4 rupees this is the cost price for

one orange now she goes for selling them at what price does she sell at what rate does she sell four oranges for rupee 1

that means she sells one orange for 1 upon 4 4 rupees so this is the selling price for one orange we know the cost

price for one orange we know the selling price for one orange let us see whether she gets profit or loss selling price

Minus cost price would be 1 upon 4 minus 9 upon 40 LCM is 40 10 - 9 is 1 so 1 by 40 we got the answer as positive that

means she gets profit and let us see how much profit she got over here the profit in rupees is 1x4 cost price is 9x4 what

we have seen percentage profit is nothing but price in rupees profit in rupees divided by cost

price into 100 40 gets cancelled she gets 100 upon 9% profit you can convert this into a

mixed fraction also it would be 9 11 are 99 1 upon 9% so she gets this much amount of

profit this much percentage of profit see we solve this some not with formulas or anything we solved it with common

logic we how did we trace it first we do not know whether it is profit or loss how to determine whether it is profit or

loss when uh selling price Minus cost price if it is positive we get profit selling price Minus cost price if it is

negative we get loss then let us assume that she buys four oranges at rupe one so one orange price would we found the

one orange price in in first shop and second shop when she combines the two oranges One Orange from here one orange

from here she gets 9 by2 that is the price for two oranges then we find found the price for one orange that becomes

cost price then we found the selling price of one orange that is the selling price we subtracted and found that it is

profit of rupes 1 by 40 and then we converted into percentage moving to question number

five Ramesh gets a profit of 20% in one trade and suffers a loss of 20% in second when he sells two cycles for

rupees 4,000 each what is his profit or loss in the entire trade now this is a very very special kind of sum why why do

I say this is special because there is a very easy simple formula for this by applying that formula you'll get the

answer in say 10 seconds only just 10 seconds now let us understand what exactly is special about this sum now

look at the right hand side over here there are two objects right there are two trades right one trade and that

means two objects what are the two objects there are there is one cycle and there is other cycle they have given

that there are two cycles that means there is one cycle over here this is the second cycle over here right this is the

first cycle second cycle so there are two objects while selling the first cycle Ramesh gets a profit of

20% okay and while selling the second cycle he get loss of 20% you see the profit and loss

percentage is same over here right now another thing another specialty about this sum is that selling price for the

both the Cycles is same that is 4,000 rupees okay both Cycles are sold for 4,000 4,000 rupees in one case he

gets profit of 20% other case he gets profit of uh he gets a loss of 20% when such is the case where the selling price

is same where the profit and loss percent is same what you should do always remember the person will always

suffer a loss he will never he or she will never get profit whenever the person does two trades okay any two

trades okay and in the first trade he gets a profit of some percentage and the same amount of percentage loss the

person gets in the second trade and the selling price for both the objects is same then the person will always suffer

a loss now over here it is one cycle two cycles if it is one cycle and one say bike or a car still it will hold true

the person will get a loss it is not about what the person is selling it is about whether the percentages are same

of profit and loss and whether the selling price is same if these two conditions are true then the person will

always have a loss always remember and what will be the loss percentage very easy what is the amount of percentage

given here 20 20 right so 20 is given simply Square it divide by 100 what do we get we get 20 square is

400 / 100 that would be 4% so the answer is 4% loss in the entire trade see how easy it was

whenever the selling price is same for two trades or for two transactions if the selling price is same and in one

transaction the person gets 20% profit and in the other transaction the person gets my 20% loss that means the

percentages of profit and loss are same then the person will always suffer a loss and the loss percentage is given by

take the percentage okay do not say plus or minus anything just take the percentage value square it and divide by

100 so let us say if the person gets a% profit and a% loss then and the selling price is same then the loss percent is

given by a squ upon 100 simply Square the percentage and divide by 100 and you'll get the percentage loss in the

transaction entire trade moving to question number six question number six siman bought pet

food worth rupees 56,000 she then sold 1/3 of it incurring a loss of 40% what profit she must earn

on rest of the the supplies to nullify this loss again this is a very easy sum and we can solve it using just common

sense okay just simple logic is needed over here and we can solve it let us see how now siman bought some pet food food

okay uh let's not consider the cost right now we just need what is the profit percent over here what profit

percent we have to find out so let's keep the cost aside siman bought the pet food and she sold one3 of it that means

she made three parts of the pet food out of that she sold the first one at a loss of 40% is that right yes now she should

earn profit in both the remaining parts so that this loss gets nullified that means there is no profit no loss okay

now let us say it is common sense say if you are if you do a trade or if you do a transaction and there you get a loss of

100 rupees what you'll do you'll try if you want to nullify this in the other trade you'll try to get 100 rupees more

so that this gets nullified and canceled out so in the second and third if we take 40% profit and 40% profit this

should get nullified right because then it would be uh NFI but actually no why because what will happen here in the

first why in the one3 part in the first part she get 40% loss in the second part if she takes a 40% profit then it gets

nullified over here only and the third part which is there then it if again the third part is sold at 40% she'll have a

40% profit but we don't want any profit or anything like that we just want no profit no loss and we want to nullify

this loss so what to do in such cases very easy how much of the percentage do we want to nullify We There is a 40%

loss so we have to nullify 40% how many parts are remaining two two parts are remaining 20% simply divide by

2 20% so in every part we need a 20% profit so so that we will simply have 20 + 20 40% profit this is 40% loss and

everything gets cancelled out let's take another example going further if if they says that she what she did was that she

sold 1/4 of it at a loss of say uh 30% right she sold 1/4 of it at a loss of 30% then what should what should she

do to nullify this loss now 1/4 means she did four parts of the entire pet food and the first part she sold at a

30% loss so how much do we want to nullify we want to nullify 30% how many parts are remaining three just divide by

three that comes out to be 10% so each part has to be sold at 10% profit so that she will nullify the 30% loss 10 +

10 + 10 + 10 is 30% okay so this addition is nothing but 30% and it gets nullified right

see how easy it was using common sense and logic we were able to find it I'll give you another example just like you

said to explain this logic just like we said earlier let say I do three transactions in a day in the first

transaction I got 100 rupees loss okay 100 rupees R loss now I want to nullify this 100 rupees by using these two

transactions if I take 100 rupees profit here 100 rupes profit here same to same what will happen this will get nullified

over here and again I'll be in profit but I don't want profit I want no profit no loss nullify the loss so I should get

50 rupees over here 50 rupees over here which when added will give me 100 rupees profit which gets nullified with this

loss what we how we got 50 we simply took 100 which was the loss and we divided it by the two parts two so 100

by two is 50 same thing we did over here okay moving to question number seven a sold a car to B at a profit of 25% B

incurred a loss of 15% while selling the same car to C A spent rupes 50,000 for this car at what price did C buy it now

we know the common terms which are used in profit and loss that is selling price and cost price then we'll have the

profit percent profit loss and all that stuff okay and we also know the formula for selling price when we have the

profit percent and selling price when we have the loss percentage now over here there are three people a b and c a sold

a car to B A bought a car at some price say cost price okay CP then it sold the car to B now this selling price of a is

nothing but the price at which B will buy the car so that will become the cost price for B okay now B again sells the

car to C at some price now this selling price will become the cost price for C because c will buy the car at this price

right so let us find what is the cost price for C that is what at what price did C by it what is the cost price for a

we know it is given as 50,000 Rupees okay what is the selling price of a selling price of a since a gets profit

it would be 100 plus profit percent is 25% divided by uh percentage of multiplied by cost price that is 125

upon 100 into 50,000 okay that would be 625,000

rupees okay this is nothing but the selling price of a but selling price of a means a sells to B that means this

becomes the cost price for B now let us see what they've given b incurs a loss of 15% while selling the

same car to C that means B sells the car to C at what price selling price of B is nothing but since b incurs a loss it

would be 100 minus 15% that would be 85% of the cost price for B at what price B bought it and what price we bought it it

is simply 62,500 okay and the answer to this would be rupees

53,120 now here the calculation might look lengthy okay but since the sum is easy the calculation given by The

Examiner or the or in the exam is little bit lengthy or tedious to calculate but if you learn simplification if you

practice more you'll be able to uh Cal faster so the answer is 53125 that means C bought the car for

53,1 125 rupees moving to question number eight a cheater manipulated his weighing

machine so that it shows 1 kg for 970 G how much profit does he get what does that mean a cheater manipulated the

weing machine so when the weing machine shows 9 1 kg the actual weight is 970 G that is what for 1,000 G actual weight

comes out to be 970 G that is 30 G less so how much profit does he get the profit which he gets is 30 G right for

every kg the profit he gets is 30 G how to express it in percentage percentage profit is nothing but profit in rupees

that is profit in grams divided by cost price do we know the cost price over here no but what we know actually when

the weing machine is showing 1 kg the real or the actual weight is 970 G so this is the actual value this is the

cost price so divided by 970 multiplied by 100 this gets canceled over here we'll have 300 upon

97 perc this is the profit percentage you can even have 97 into 3 is 297 so you'll get uh it is 2 91 so you'll have

9 over here 9 divided by 97 these this much percentage okay this is 3 9 by 97% this much is the profit what the cheater

gets Rohit got profit of 11 and half% by selling his old car however he realized that had he sold it for rupees 8,100

more his profit would be 38.5% at what price did he buy the car again now this is very very easy what

they say initially Rohit got 11.5% profit if he sold for 8,100 rupees more the profit would be

38.5% what is the difference between this this is 38.5% minus

11.5% that would be equal to 27% that means if he sold his car for 8,100 rupees more The Profit which he receives

is 27% more right so this 20 27% is nothing but

8,100 but 27% of what 27% we know that profit and loss are always calculated in terms of cost price so percentage profit

look at the right hand side percentage profit is profit upon cost price into 100 even for loss it is loss upon cost

price so profit and loss are always calculated in terms of cost price so 27% of the cost price would be

8,100 so that would be 27 upon 100 into cost price is equal to 8,100 9 9 are 81 9 thre are that would be 3 into 300 so

cost price would be 100 into 330,000 rupees so this is the cost price of the

car or the price at which Rohit bought the car moving to next question question number 10 chaman sells 40 fans

at 10% profit he wants a total of 20% profit on the entire sale since he got 160 fans at the rate of rupees 100 each

at what profit must he sell the remaining fans that means chaman got 160 fans and the rate cost of each fan was

rupees 100 out of that he sold 40 fans at the rate of or at the profit of 10% so how many fans are remaining 120 fans

160 minus 40 that at what percentage profit he must sells so that the total profit becomes 20% right now what do we

know total profit which is there that in rupees okay that would be nothing but profit in rupees of the 40

fans and plus profit in rupees of the 120 remaining fans right now let us see how to find profit in rupees we know the

formula percentage profit is nothing but profit in rupees divided by cost price multiplied by 100 so if chaman is

getting 10% profit for 40 fans okay so profit percent is 10 profit in rupees is how much we do not know what is the cost

price for 40 fans one fan is 100 rupees okay one fan is 100 rupes 40 fans are how much 40 into 100 what do we get 40

into to 100 multiplied by 100 this gets cancelled then profit in rupees for 40 fans would be 40 into 100 400 rupees so

the profit is 400 rupees right now what is the total profit in rupees now let us see chaman has 160 fans he wants total

of 20% profit from the entire sale that is on selling 160 fans he needs 20% profit profit percent is 20 right profit

in rupees we do not know what is the cost price 160 fans into each fan is 100

rupees he bought each fan for 100 rupees multiplied by 100 right cut profit in rupees is how much

32 3,200 rupees this is the total profit let's write over here now profit in rupees for 120 okay 120 fans are

remaining now at what percent profit he should sell we do not know let us assume that he sells it for uh a% okay a% he

sells it for a% profit in rupees do we know no what is the cost price for the 120 fans 120 fans into each fan is 100

rupees multiplied by 100 what do we get profit in rupees for 120 fans is 120 multiplied by a put the value over here

multiplied by a let's solve what do we get 2,800 would be equal to 120 into a a

would be equal to 28 0 0 upon 120 this gets cancelled 12 2 are 24 40 12 3 36 40

23.3 33% that means the rest of the fans have to be sold by chaman at 23.33%

sent profit see how easy it was there's nothing to this even if they twist the sum it is the same formula and you

should simply use common sense and logic and solve the sum moving on question number 11 Su buys 160

chocolates for rupees 480 she wanted to earn 30% profit by selling them but Rakesh visited her and she gave him 25%

of those chocolates at the cost price itself but even after doing this she earned a profit of 30% as decided for

how much did she sell each chocolate now this might look a little bit complicated but it is not by Common Sense and logic

we can easily solve the sum let us see how Suman bought 160 chocolates cost price for those chocolates is 480 rupees

so one chocolate was bought for how much one is not one chocolate price is 480 divid 160 that is rupe 3 this is the

cost price for for one chocolate now Rakesh visited her she gave 25% of the chocolates to Rakesh at the cost price

so 25% of chocolates are gone at the cost price so how many remain 100 minus 25% is

75% remain 75% of what 75% of 160 that is 75 upon 100 into 160 that would give us 120 chocolates so 120 chocolates

remain with summan now she wanted 30% profit by selling 160 chocolates okay she wanted how much profit she wanted

30% profit we know percentage profit is nothing but profit in rupees upon the cost price multiplied by 100 so what it

would be 30 is profit in rupees do we know no what is the cost price 480 multiplied by 100 this gets cancelled so

profit in rupees is nothing but 48 into 3 is 144 144 0 divided by 10 so that would be rupees 144 so by selling 160

chocolates at some price he wanted to earn rupees 144 as profit but raakesh took 25% of the chocolates at the cost

price itself so she is remaining with only 120 chocolates and using these 120 chocolates she has to earn 144 rupees as

profit that means from 120 chocolates she has to earn 144 rupees as profit so from one chocolate how much profit she

should get she should earn simply cross multiply what do we get we get 144 divided

by 120 right what do we get 12 10 are 12 12 are

1.2 rupees so from each chocolate she should earn a profit or 1.2 rup we know what is selling price cost price plus

profit what is the cost price for one chocolate 3 repes how much profit she should earn from one chocolate 1.2

rupees what should be the selling price of each chocolate 4.2 rupees see this is your answer very easy by following the

logic by the sum and simple logic and simple formulas we just you just need to remember this formula and the uh there

are four formulas out of that just remember two of the them and you'll be able to find the other two formulas and

you'll be able to find or solve any sum related to profit and loss Ramesh sold a statue for a price

25% higher than the original price of the statue he had however bought the statue at 20% discount on the original

price with the profit of rupes 2025 find the original price of the statue now we do not know the original price of statue

so let us assume that the original price is p rupees this is a very easy sum let's see how to tackle it let us assume

that the original price of the statue is p rupes now R sold the statue for a price 25% higher than the original price

of the statue now we know that whenever there is an object the entire price of the object or

the entire object is always taken as 100% right and when we discount something we remove uh percentage from

this when we get a profit we add percentage into this so This statue was sold for a price which is 125 which is

25% higher than original original price that means the price now becomes the the real original price is 100% plus 25%

that is 125% of P that is the original price also this is the selling price right

also the statue was bought by rames at a discount of 20% so how much did rames actually pay for the Statue 100% minus

20% 80% of the original price this becomes the cost price right now profit is

profit percentage is how much this is cost price this is selling price 125 selling price Minus cost price

okay selling price is 125% of P Minus cost price is 80% of P that is 45% of P now they have given that the

actual profit is nothing but what is this is not profit percent this is nothing but the actual profit profit is

selling price Minus cost price selling price is this cost price is this and that is nothing but 45% of P what have

they given is that profit is 225 rupees but we already know profit is 45% of P so both these should be

equal let's solve it what do we get equal to 45 upon 100 ultied P so this would be 9 5 are 9 2 are 18 22 9 2

18 35 uh 45 225 5 4 4 are 545 are so P would be equal to 100 into 45 4,500 rupees this is the original price

of the statue moving to question number 13 a shopkeeper earns a profit of 15%

after selling a book at 20% discount on the printed price the ratio of the cost price and the printed price of the book

is so there is a book right and it has some price printed on right let us assume that the printed price be PP

right so PP is the pp Rupees is the printed price of the book now shopkeeper earns a profit of 15% what all formulas

we have seen what is the selling price if the person is earning a profit of 15% 100 plus profit percent is 15

into cost price selling price is what 115 upon 100 times of cost price right now what have they given they have also

given that the shopkeeper sells the book by giving 20% discount on the printed price so selling price is also given by

20% discount so how much would be the selling price it would be simply 100% minus the 20% discount on the printed

price that would be 80% of the printed price right because 20% discount is there so the customer has to P only 80%

of the printed price this is also the selling price that is nothing but 80 into PP divided 100 both these are

nothing but selling prices so these has to be equal so what do we get this upon 100 equal to 80 PP upon 100 this gets

cancelled cost price upon printed price would be 80 upon 5 that is 5 1 are this is 5 into 23 5 1 are five over here 30

16 that is 16 is to 23 is the ratio of cost price to printed price see how easily we got the

answer question number 14 the ratio of cost price and selling price is 4 is to5 the profit percent is again extremely

easy sum let us see how ratio of cost price to selling price is 4 is to 5 that means that if the selling price is is

rupees 5 cost price is rupees 4 okay these are not actual values we are assuming ratio of cost price to selling

price is 4 is to 5 if selling price is five cost price is four then what will be profit selling price Minus cost price

is 5 - 4 equal to rupe 1 percentage profit is profit in rupees divided by cost price that is 4 into 100 that would

be 25% This Is The Answer going to next question question number 15 if selling price of 40 articles is equal to cost

price of 50 articles the loss or gain percent is now what have they given cost price of 50 articles is equal to selling

price of 40 articles right this is again easy let's see how let we do not know the actual value so what we'll do is let

us assume that the cost price for 50 articles is rupees 100 so that would be the same over here so selling price of

40 articles will be rupes 100 correct now what have they given cost price for 50 articles is rupees 100 so one article

costs how much 100 upon 50 equal to rupees 2 this is the cost price for one article right selling price for 40

articles is same that is 100 so one article is sold for how many Rupees divided by 40 rupees 2. five this is the

selling price for one article what is the profit for each article selling price 2.5 minus the cost price that is

rupees 0.5 is the profit for one article so what is so that means since selling price is more we have profit so we took

out profit had the selling price be been less we would have taken out loss okay now profit is rupees point5 per article

so how much is the profit percentage we know profit percentage is nothing but profit in rupees divided by cost price

multiplied by 100 profit in rupees is5 rupees cost price is 2 into 100 425 would get that would give us 25% so

the profit percent is 25% question number 16 a fruit seller buys Lemons at 2 for a rupee and sells

them at five for 3 rupees his gain percent is again this is very easy you might not have much values over here

okay but I'll tell you how to solve this uh just like in percentage we took arbitrary values like generally 100 and

something like that same way we'll do over here let us see how now the fruit seller buys the lemons at what price two

lemons for rupee 1 let us assume that the fruit seller has rupees 100 with him okay the fruit seller has rupees 100

with him so if he buys two lemons in one rupee in 100 rupees how many lemons he'll buy 2 into 100 that is 200 lemons

right so he has 200 lemons now now he starts selling those lemons if he sells five lemons for rupees 3 so 200 lemons

would be sold for how many Rupees simply cross multiply what do we get we get 3 into 200 divided 5 that would be 600 by

5 5 this is 5 40 120 rupees okay now the fruit seller had 100 rupees of which he bought the lemons

that means this becomes his cost price for the lemons this becomes 120 becomes the selling price for the lemons because

he sells them at 120 rupees all the 200 lemons what is the profit 120 minus 100 rupees 20 right what is the profit

percent that is profit in rupees divided by cost price multiplied by 100 20% see how easily we got the answer we

do not need any uh lots of formulas or something like that we just need common sense and few basic formulas of

percentage profit percentage loss selling price when profit percent is given and selling price when loss

percent is given and using these we can solve any sum of profit and loss if you practice enough these all these sums

would be pretty easy and you'll be able to solve them under 1 minute even if it is tricky or a puzzling sum still you'll

be able to solve it within 1 minute if you practice these sums okay so if you like this video please

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